PREFACE 
Journal of the Geological Society and Geological Magazine ; 
and who for many years was Keeper of Geology at the 
Natural History Museum. 
I am very grateful to Dr Ramsay H. Traquair, F.R.S., 
Keeper of the Natural History Collections in the Edinburgh 
Museum of Science and Art, for permission to reproduce 
restorations made by him of Palaeozoic fishes. 
Mr Henry Fairfield Osborn, Da Costa Professor of 
Zoology in Columbia University, and Curator in the American 
Museum of Natural History, most kindly gave me permission 
to avail myself of restorations, made under his direction by 
Mr Charles R. Knight, of some remarkable fossil remains 
found in strata of North America. I also gladly make my 
acknowledgments to the authorities of the American 
Museum of Natural History, to whom the admirable drawings 
made by Mr Knight belong. By this permission Mr Smit 
has been able to profit greatly in his drawings of Naosaurus, 
L<elaps, Hadrosaurus, Patriofelis, Mesonyx, Tinoceras, Metamynodon, 
Elotherium, and Protoceras. 
Mr W. L. H. Duckworth, Cambridge University 
Lecturer in Physical Anthropology, kindly favoured me with 
some suggestions for the picture representing early palaeolithic 
men. The materials for restoring primeval men are un- 
fortunately very scanty. 
Pithecanthropus has been restored from very imperfect 
remains. There is still some controversy as to the position 
