DISCOVERIES ATTRIBUTED TO EARLY MAN 
Astragalus 
59 
Length, 
maxi 
mum 
Breadth, 
maxi 
mum 
Height, 
maxi 
mum 
Module 
(mean 
diam.) 
Breadth- 
length 
index 
Height- 
length 
index 
Vero Skeleton II, right 
cm. 
6.4 
cm. 
4.4 
cm. 
3.4 
cm. 
4.73 
68.7 
53 1 
Florida (at large), right, male.. 
Sioux, right, male 
Munsee right male 
5.91 
6.14 
5.7 
4.14 
4.54 
4.27 
3.2 
3.43 
3.27 
4.42 
4.71 
4.41 
70.1 
74.0 
74.9 
54.2 
56.1 
57.4 
United States, whites 
6.3 
4.5 
3.4 
4.73 
71.6 
53.8 
As in the case of Skeleton I from Vero, the astragalus is marked 
by somewhat excessive length; but there are not a few individual 
Indian astragali from Florida and elsewhere which duplicate its 
proportions. Its very close approximation in both absolute and 
relative proportions to the astragalus of the whites is probably 
accidental. 
The remaining few bones of the foot are without special interest. 
Considering the skeleton as a whole, the conclusion is inevitable 
that it is that of an Indian ; yet there remains some persistent doubt 
whether it is not the skeleton of a white- Indian individual. If not, 
there remain only two other possibilities: one that it is an excep 
tional, superior skeleton of a Florida Indian of Algonquian origin, 
the other that it belonged to an individual from some non-Floridian 
tribe. It should be once more emphasized, however, that all the 
features in which the various parts of the skeleton differ from those 
of an ordinary Florida Indian are features pointing toward higher 
or more modern development. There is no feature of the skeleton 
that would suggest even remotely an individual more ancient or 
anthropologically more primitive than the Indian. 
ADDITIONAL HUMAN BONES FROM VERO 
Near Skeleton II was found a tooth which is characteristically and 
most typically Indian (fig. 8). It is an upper median incisor., proba 
bly of the left side, and belonged to an advanced adolescent or a 
young adult, possibly a female. Its dimensions are : Total length, 2.0 
cm. ; maximum breadth of crown, 0.85 cm. The cutting edge is but 
slightly worn, as frequently found in Indian adolescents; the outer 
surface is decidedly convex from above down ; and the inner or 
buccal surface is deeply hollowed out, or shovel-shaped, as is typical 
with Indians. With rare exceptions such hollowing out is met with 
only among Indians and the more closely related branches of the 
yellow -brown race. 
