lo THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 
and under 80 per cent., form an intermediate or meso- 
cephalic-^roup. Amongst individuals of even the purest 
races a wide degree of variation in head width is found ; 
we determine the place of the race by striking the mean 
of a series of measurements on many individuals. 
The height of the vault above the ear-holes is also 
important. In the Whitechapel skulls — those regarded 
as males — the vault rises to 114 mm. above the ear- 
holes ; the vaults of the English skull are low pitched. 
In the standard frame I have pitched the vault level at 
1 1 5 mm. Now, when one of the Coldrum skulls is placed 
Fig. 4. — -One of the Coldrum skulls set within a framework of lines which bound 
the chief diameters of a modern skull of mean size. The skull is repre- 
sented in two aspects — profile and full-face. 
within the standard frame (fig. 4) it is seen to fit fairly 
well. If a composite outline were made from the three 
male skulls, the length of the composite skill would be 
190-5 mm., its width 140 mm., the height of the vault 
118 mm. The width is 73-3 per cent, ot the length. 
The two skulls regarded as females are relatively wider, 
the width index (cephalic index) being 77*9. We are 
clearly dealing with a race with a head form lying towards 
the upper limits of the long-headed range. In actual 
dimensions of the head and in the proportion of width to 
length, this small sample of Neolithic people is not 
materially different from a modern group of English 
