LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 
PACE 
43. Lyell's diagram of the Neanderthal cave 128 
44. Section of the deposits in the rock-shelter at Krapina . 133 
45. Skulls of the modern type (Combe Capelle) and of the Neander- 
thal type (La Chapelle) contrasted on their lateral aspects 138 
46. A skull of the modern type (Combe Capelle) contrasted with 
the Neanderthal type (Gibraltar) as seen in full face . .138 
47. (I.) The supra-orbital ridge or torus and other features of the 
face of a male chimpanzee ; (II.) The form of articular cavity 
for the lower jaw in the Gibraltar skull, contrasted with the 
forms in the gorilla and modern man 140 
48. The skull of an orang superimposed on that of a chimpanzee to 
show the presence of a torus supra-orbitalis in the latter . 142 
49.. Sections of the lower jaw at the middle line or symphysis of a 
young gorilla, a man of the Neanderthal type (Spy), of a 
native of New Caledonia, and of a modern Englishman . 145 
50. Four lower molars, as seen when examined by X-rays -147 
51. Drawing of the palate of the Gibraltar skull . . 149 
52. Outlines of the palate of the Gibraltar skull, and of a skull of a 
native Tasmanian • . • . 1 50 
53. Diagram showing the poise of the head in the modern and 
Neanderthal types of man I54 
54. Superimposed tracings of the basi-cranial axis of the skull of a 
gorilla, of the Gibraltar cranium, and of a modern English 
skull 156 
55. The Neanderthal (Spy) thigh bone contrasted with the corre- 
sponding bones of modern man and the gorilla . . .158 
56. Swanscombe and the neighbouring Paljeolithic sites on the 
south side of the valley of the Thames, below London . . 161 
57. Diagram showing the various deposits of the 100-foot terrace of 
the Thames valley at Swanscombe 163 
58. Profile drawing of the Dartford cranium and its outline from 
above, at right angles to the view given in profile . . . 169 
59. Section of the pit in which the Bury St Edmunds fragment was 
found ^73 
60. Section of the deposits at Hoxne I73 
61. Bury St Edmunds cranial fragment viewed from the side and 
from the front ^75 
62. The Bury St Edmunds fragment viewed from above . .176 
63. The Galley Hill skull viewed from the side and from the front, 
the face being restored 188 
64. Drawings of the Galley Hill skull from above and below . . 189 
