54 THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 
Cromagnon, a little above the picturesque cliff-set village 
of Les Eyzies, The strata on the floor of the shelter or 
cave were marked by hearths and the culture of the 
Aurignacian period. In the upper strata were found the 
"remains of four skeletons. They were tall people ; the 
men were about 5 feet 11 inches in height (i'8 m.) — tall, 
lanky fellows, more like, so far as bodily physique is 
concerned, the tall Sikhs of the Punjaub than any race 
now living. The proportion of their limbs was some- 
what peculiar ; their tibiae or leg bones were relatively 
long, their humeri or upper arm bones, short. Individuals 
with similar limb proportions still occur amongst negroid 
races, but no modern European race can show the 
negroid limb proportions of the Cromagnon race — men 
of the Aurignacian period. The skeleton which Dean 
Buckland had found in the Paviland cave, regarded by 
him as that of a woman buried in Neolithic times, but 
which we now know, as proved by Professor Sollas,^ to 
be of Aurignacian age, was also a tall, slender man — 
about 5 feet 10 inches in stature. The skull of the Pavi- 
land man is not known, but we do know the form of 
head which characterised the Cromagnon men. Their 
skulls cannot be classed in the river-bed groups ; they" 
are too large and too much flattened on the vault to be 
assigned to that type. They differ from the Aurignacian 
man of Engis, who, we have seen, had a skull of the 
river-bed type. vAt Cromagnon, then, we meet with 
another race of men. They had massive skulls, large in 
all dimensions, as will be seen from fig. 23, where the 
skull of the " old man of Cromagnon " is fitted within 
the standard frame used for Neolithic and for modern 
skulls. It is much too large for the conventional modern 
frame. The maximum length is 203 mm., half an inch 
beyond the modern or Neolithic mean ; the width, 1 50 
mm., 10 mm. beyond ; the height of the vault, 125 mm., 
also 10 mm. above the modern mean for British men. 
It will be observed, however, that although the actual 
dimensions are greater, in the relative proportions of the 
' See reference, p. 47. 
