DISCOVERY OF PRE-NEOLITHIC MAN 65 
been buried, and that ornaments of her time (Aurignacian) 
had been interred with the remains. At the level of the 
third hearth, 2-70 m. (9 feet) in depth, the skeletons 
of two young children were found, laid on their backs, 
with the heads to the west. At the level of the eighth 
hearth, 7*05 m. (23 feet) below the surface, occurred 
the remains of a very tall man (6 feet 2^ inches) — a 
representative member of the Cromagnon race. He was 
extended on his back, in a grave which had been prepared 
for him — a slab of red clay under his head, a flat stone 
over it, large stones grouped round his feet. A worked 
piece of a deer's antler lay close by ; the shells and 
perforated teeth which formed his necklace were placed 
near him. The objects of culture were the same as 
accompanied the men at Cromagnon. At the level of 
the underlying ninth and oldest hearth, over 25 feet from 
the surface stratum of the cave, was found another grave. 
It contained two skeletons, one of a woman of middle 
age, the other of a youth of about sixteen. The tall 
Cromagnon man lay extended on his back, but those 
short people lay huddled up in the contracted posture. 
The same kind of provision had been made for them 
at their death as for the tall man. Stones had been 
placed to protect the head ; the remains of the usual 
kind of necklaces and bracelets were found ; near by 
were the worked flints of the period. As is so often the 
case in Aurignacian burials, the skeleton of the lad was 
stained by red ochre. 
It is a feature of the Cromagnon race — the Frenchmen 
of the Aurignacian period — for the men to be very tall, 
but for the "women to be of moderate or even small 
stature. The little woman found at the level of the 
second hearth was probably of the same race as the tall 
man found at the level of the eighth. But what of the 
lad and the small woman found at the level of the ninth 
and oldest hearth .? Dr Verneau had no doubt about 
them ; they represented a negroid race — one not pre- 
viously discovered in Europe. By a negroid race, we 
understand one in which the skin is pigmented ; as 
