152 THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 
the palate of the La Chapelle man is calculated from 
Professor Boule's drawing to have been 35*00 cm.^ The 
brain capacity of the La Chapelle individual being about 
1600 c.c, the brain-palate ratio is 46 : i, a higher brain 
ratio than in the Gibraltar skull. Among anthropoid 
apes, selecting a female chimpanzee as the most favourable 
example for the purpose of comparison, the brain capacity 
is found to be about 350 c.c. ; the area of the palate, 
36*50 cm.- ; the brain-palate ratio, 8*7 : i — a small brain 
and a large palate. The female chimpanzee and the 
La Chapelle man have palates, although very different 
in shape, almost of the same size. The brain of the 
chimpanzee, on the other hand, is only a quarter or 
one-fifth of the La Chapelle brain. Taking now a very 
primitive example of modern man, the skull of a native 
Tasmanian, in the museum of the Royal College of 
Surgeons, England, we find the brain capacity to be 
1350 c.c. ; the palate, 3670 cm.^ ; the brain-palate ratio, 
36-7 : I. The palate, in comparison with the brain, is 
larger than in the two Neanderthal specimens just cited. 
In the Aurignacian man from Combe Capelle the area of 
the palate is approximately 27*1 cm.^ ; the brain capacity, 
1440 c.c. ; the brain-palate ratio, 53-3 : i — a ratio which 
holds true in a large proportion of modern races. The 
brain-palate ratio of modern Englishmen is ^6- 2 '. i. 
The palates of Neanderthal men were absolutely and 
relatively large, yet the ratio between brain and palate 
falls within the limits of variation seen amongst existino- 
primitive races. 
In fig. 47 (p. 140) another peculiar feature of Neander- 
thal man is represented. The socket or cavity, in which 
the condyles of the lower jaw are jointed to the base of 
the skull, just in front of the ear-passages, is depicted in 
the form seen in the gorilla, in the Gibraltar skull, and 
in a man of the modern type. In the gorilla the socket 
is very shallow, and is placed on a platform or thickening 
of bone at the root of the zygomatic arch — the articular 
surface lying almost flush with the lower border or floor 
of the ear-passage (fig. 47). In men of the modern 
