1 86 THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 
became submerged by the later or Acheulean deposits 
of the terrace. 
Having thus brought forward the evidence relating to 
the high antiquity of the human remains found at Galley 
Hill, we proceed to ascertain what kind of individual 
they represent. As to the sex there can be no doubt — 
the bones of the skull and limbs show all the characters 
which mark the male. Nor can there be much doubt 
as to his age. The sutures between the bones on the 
vault of the skull are almost closed — represented only 
by traces ; he was past middle age, probably about 
fifty. His thigh bones, both of which were found, 
measure 422 mm., indicating a stature of 1600 mm. 
(5 feet 3 inches) — a short man. Unfortunately, neither 
of the leg bones — tibiae — are complete, but by compar- 
ing the fragments with complete specimens of both 
Neanderthal and modern types of man, an approximate 
estimate may be made of their original length — between 
320-325 mm. The leg was thus about 77 per cent, of 
the length of the thigh — the usual proportion for modern 
man. The relatively long leg of negroid, Aurignacian, 
and of some Neolithic races, was not a character of 
the Galley Hill race. As to the relative proportions of 
the upper limb, little can be said, for the bones of the 
forearm were never found. The lower end of the right 
humerus has been broken away. The original length 
of this bone was probably between 305 and 315 mm. — 
a dimension to be expected in a modern man of 5 feet 
3 inches. One peculiar feature of his organisation is 
worth noting here. The pectoral muscle, which rises 
from the inner third of the collar bone or clavicle, 
and from the front of the thorax, and which passes in 
front of the arm-pit to act on the upper end of the 
humerus, was particularly well developed. The impres- 
sions for this muscle on the collar bone and humerus 
are extensive and pronounced. The bones are those 
of a well-made man of medium strength. The skeleton 
does not show a single feature which can be called 
Neanderthaloid, nor any simian feature which is not 
