CHAPTER XIII 
HEIDELBERG MAN 
In this chapter we set out from England to make our 
last tour of Europe in search of the remains of ancient 
man. On our last journey attention was directed to such 
remains as could be ascribed to men of the Acheulean and 
Chellean periods. On the present occasion we are in 
search of human remains belonging to a still earlier part 
of the Pleistocene period — to the very earliest part of that 
epoch, which, as we have just seen, is represented in 
East Anglia by the deposits of glacial sands and boulder 
clay. On such a quest our steps are naturally directed 
to Belgium, because of the labours and discoveries of 
M. Rutot, Conservator of the Royal Museum of Natural 
History in Brussels. He has spent a lifetime in the 
study of the various deposits which have accumulated in 
the valleys of Belgium — particularly in the industrial 
southern part of that country, where the valleys have 
been carved out and filled up by streams flowing east- 
wards to join the Meuse. In fig. 79, I reproduce an 
illustration of M. Rutot's which gives in brief the 
conclusions he has reached concerning the number and 
the order of the deposits laid down in the valleys of 
Belgium during the Pleistocene period.^ From the 
diagram (fig. 79) it will be seen that M. Rutot recognises 
five series of strata in these deposits ; but for our present 
1 See the following papers by M. Rutot : " Glaciations et humanite," 
Bull. Soc. Belize de Gt'oL, i9io,vol. xxiv. p. 59. " Revision stratigraphique 
des ossements humains quaternaires," ibid., 19 10, vol. xxiv. p. 123. 
" L'age cle la machoire humaine de Mauer," ibid.. 1908, vol. xxiii. p. 117. 
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