EOANTHROPUS DAWSONI 
327 
shutting the lower jaw. Such a forward extension of the 
ramus must give the temporal muscles greater power and 
purchase over the front part of the jaws and canine teeth. 
It is necessary to examine in more detail the original 
reconstruction of the apparatus of mastication in the 
Piltdown man. Our estimate of the position of any 
newly discovered form of human being turns largely 
on the relationship between his alimentary and cerebral 
systems. It seems fairly certain that the tendency in 
human evolution is to increase the work of the brain and 
Fig. 108. — Drawing of the jaws, in 
profile, from Dr Smith Wood- 
ward's original model of the Pilt- 
down skull. 
Fig. 109. — A drawing of the same 
parts of a male chimpanzee. 
diminish the work of the stomach. An increase of brain 
power has made the task of our digestive system easier^— 
at least those parts of our body which are concerned in 
mastication. We therefore need some means of indicating 
— even if the method adopted be but a rough approxima- 
tion to the truth — the relative development of cerebral 
and alimentary powers in any newly discovered form of 
human being. We may take a concrete example. In 
fig. 1 10 is represented the palate of a female chimpanzee ; 
the teeth are set round the circumference of the palate. 
Within the semicircle of teeth lies the tongue, but the 
