332 
THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 
apes. Above the outer angle of the orbit it will be seen 
that the temporal line or crest — from which a muscle of 
mastication arises — ascends steeply on the frontal bone, 
whereas in all modern human skulls the curvature is less 
acute and its backward trend more marked (see figs. 1 1 1, 
112). The muscles of mastication evidently did not 
work exactly as in 
■ ° ' 1° ■ — " ' "^ ■ — 15_— -5?K,» modern man, or 
why this differ- 
ence in the con- 
formation of the 
temporal crests ? 
When a full- 
face drawing of 
the skull of Eoan- 
thropus is com- 
pared with that of 
a modern skull 
(figs. 113, 114) a 
number of differ- 
ences become ap- 
parent. In actual 
width, both at the 
base of the skull 
and across the 
cheek bones, 
Eoanthropus is 
considerably the 
greater. The 
113. — Face^ view of the skull of Eoanthropus as recon- aCtUal width of 
'^^^the modern skull 
at its base is 132 
mm. ; in Eoanthropus the width here measures 150 mm. 
The chief difference, however, lies in the filling of the brain 
case. In the modern skull the sides are nearly vertical, 
with a slight outward bulge half-way to the vertex ; in 
Eoanthropus the cranial cavity is so imperfectly filled 
that the sides lean inwards and gradually fade into a 
contracted crown or roof. In the modern skull, as seen 
structed by Dr Smith Woodward (half natural size) 
parts shaded are those actually found 
