38o 
THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 
in anthropoid apes we find a different relationship (figs. 
136 and 138, A). The outer end of the process lies 
20 mm. (|- inch) above the base of the frontal lobes. 
If we draw our base line at the fronto-malar level, we 
should greatly underestimate the brain capacity of an 
anthropoid skull. An anthropoid condition is one we 
must be prepared to meet in a primitive human skull, 
such as the Piltdown, especially when we keep in mind 
the simian characters of the lower jaw. So far as concerns 
GIBRALTAR. 
MOD -ENGLISH. 
Fig. 137. — A. The relationship of the external angular or malar process to 
the level of the base of the frontal lobes of the brain in the Gibraltar 
(Neanderthal) skull. B. The same relationship in a modern English skull. 
the skull itself, we have met only with the true characters 
of a human skull, inclining decidedly towards the modern 
type. We expect, then, that the angular process of the 
frontal will be about on a level with the base of the 
frontal lobe. But we must make certain of this relation- 
ship. Now, there is a reliable method of telling whether 
the external angular process is situated as in anthropoids 
or as in man. If the reader will examine the figure of 
the modern English skull (fig. 137, B), he will see the 
various bones which form the side of the skull behind 
the angular process — the area which is covered by the 
