434 
THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 
In his address as President of the Anthropological Section 
of the British Association at Dundee in 19 12 Professor 
Elliot Smith anticipated that such a combination of parts 
might occur. He rightly foresaw that before the 
anthropoid characters would disappear from the body of 
primal man, the brain, the master organ of the human 
body, must first have come into its human estate. 
Under its dominion the parts of the body such as the 
PI LTDOWN 
/b/- Dental nerve. 
MYLO-HYO/D G/fOOVE. 
INT PTERY: MUSCLE 
CHIMPANZEE 
(female) 
SHELF 
SUBLINGUAL FOSSA 
GENIAL FOSSA 
MyiO- HYOIO ff/OGE 
Fig. 161. — Inner aspect of the right half of the Piltdown mandible contrasted 
with the corresponding view of the right half of the mandible of a young 
adult female chimpanzee. 
mouth and hands, the particular servants of the brain, 
became adapted for higher uses. Looking at the problem 
from this point of view, we cannot reject the Piltdown 
mandible because as regards the mylo-hyoid ridge it is 
simian and not human in character. 
We pass on to the consideration of another character 
— one to which Dr Smith Woodward was at first inclined 
to attach a considerable degree of importance. On the 
inner aspect of the ascending branch or ramus of the 
