THE PILTDOWN MANDIBLE 
449 
already demonstrated for Eoanthropus, such a develop- 
ment of the more animal side of the body was scarcely 
to be expected. 
It will be profitable, at this point, to see how 
Eoanthropus stands, in this respect, to races of men, 
both ancient and modern. The specimen we naturally 
take for our first comparison is the Heidelberg mandible ; 
it is the sole representative of early Pleistocene man on the 
continent of Europe. The jaw is depicted in fig. 167, A. 
It has been placed and measured in the manner already 
described. We see that the molar teeth do not form a 
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Fig. 167. — A. View from above of the Heidelberg mandible. B. Similar view of 
a mandible of a modern Englishman. As in other drawings, the specimens 
have been placed so that the chewing surfaces of the molar teeth occupy a 
horizontal plane. 
parallel, but a converging series. The width of the skull 
was evidently greater than in the one from Piltdown ; 
the articular cavities for the jaw on the base of the skull 
must have been at least 10 mm. wider apart. The 
coronoid processes have the same degree of separation. 
Indeed, as regards the hinder parts of the jaw, there is 
a considerable degree of resemblance in the Heidelberg 
and Piltdown specimens. The masticatory area of the 
Heidelberg mandible is large : length 60 mm., width 
70 mm. ; total area 3540 mm.^ — 440 mm." less than in 
the writer's reconstruction of the Piltdown mandible, 
and 1340 mm.- less than in that of Dr Smith Woodward. 
29 
