THE TEETH OF FOSSIL MAN 469 
premolar teeth of Eoanthropus is attended by certain 
difficulties. We have seen that the first lower premolar 
tooth is specially modified to serve as an opponent for the 
upper canine in all anthropoids (fig. 172). Was the first 
premolar so modified in Eoanthropus ? If the upper canine 
interlocked as in anthropoids, it must have been shaped 
as represented in fig. 176, p. 480. If it did, no mark of 
contact is apparent on the lower canine, which is worn, as 
we have seen, in a peculiar manner. We have to remem- 
ber, too, that the articular eminence and glenoid cavity 
for the articular condyle of the mandible bear witness to 
the fact that the chewing movements of Eoanthropus 
were those of modern man. What, then, was the form of 
the upper canine, and what was its mode of articulation 
with the lower teeth .'' The solution of these difficulties 
must be resolved by future discoveries. In the Piltdown 
mandible (fig. 173, A) I have carried the cutting edges 
of the incisor teeth 2^ mm. in front of the zero point — 
between the last premolar and first molar. In his original 
reconstruction Dr Smith Woodward carried the incisor 
point 42 mm. forward. In the female chimpanzee shown 
in fig. 173, B, the incisors are only 30 mm. in front of the 
zero point. In any reconstruction Eoanthropus must be 
given a large development of front teeth. 
When we come to deal with the molar teeth we feel 
we are again back on safer ground. The characters of 
the mandible itself, so far as they have guided us to the 
place which we must assign to Eoanthropus amongst the 
higher primates, have taken us in an anthropoid rather 
than in a human direction. The molar teeth leave us in 
no doubt ; they are human. If the question is asked : 
What are the characters of these teeth which are so 
essentially human ? it must be confessed that a direct 
and explicit answer is not easily returned. We recognise 
at once the face of a friend, but we may be unable to 
name the number of points which enter into the act of 
recognition. We become familiar with teeth — we know 
the appearance of the various anthropoid forms, the various 
human forms — and yet we find it well-nigh impossible, 
