180 
ATHETIS. By Dr. M. Draudt. 
halimi. 
pertinax. 
inumbrafa. 
clam. 
melanura. 
bcrmcja. 
vicina. 
syriaca. 
fergana. 
paupera. 
morpheus. 
fusca. 
ochracea. 
generally resembles the Athetis -larvae, but owing to there being some dark subdorsal spots, it also looks like 
certain Agrotis larvae. Two small chalk white spots, replacing the dorsal line on segments 2 + 3, seem to 
be characteristic. The larvae hibernate in their cocoon in the larval state, changing to a. pupa in the spring. 
A. haiimi Chret. probably belongs close to fuscicornis. Forewings yellowish grey, peppered with black, 
the transveise lines dark ochreous yellow, with red and black interspersions towards the costa. The anterior 
line is oblique, the posterior line has a dark outer edge. The spotted subterminal line is indistinct. Both stig¬ 
mata are very dark brown, the reniform has a small yellowish white spot outwardly. Fringes ochreous yellow, 
peppered with darker patches and black basal line. Hindwings yellowish white. The $ is much paler and 
less speckled with black excepting the basal area before the anterior transverse line. Wing expanse: 26—28 mm. 
Bred from larvae found in February under Atriplex halimus plants. The larvae are greenish or earthen grey, 
ventrally paler, dorsally darker and more reddish, with delicate whitish dorsal line, edged on each side by an 
indistinct brownish. The subdorsal is formed of brownish mottlings. Warts black and glossy. Biskra. 
A. pertinax Stgr. (Vol. 3, p. 212, pi. 48 b). The illustration in Main Volume is unsatisfactory and a 
better picture is given here (21 g). The group of forms of this and the following species is very difficult to 
define; pertinax is a relatively large, very pale yellowish grey species, in the type the marginal area is only 
slightly more darkly suffused with brownish, the transverse lines and stigmata are slightly darker, only the 
costal spots are somewhat bolder. — inumbrata Stgr. denotes the more yellowish form with darker margin and 
characteristic dark band inwards of the subterminal line. We are giving an illustration (21 g). No doubt 
there is a close relationship with bodenheimeri enumerated above. In my opinion however this is a genuine 
species. — Clara Schaw. was first described as a form of bermeja, with which we deal later on; now however 
the author wishes it classified as a pertinax form. Forewings are quite pale yellow-grey and only dark grey 
at the extreme outer margin. Both dentate transverse lines, the reniform stigma and costal spots are finely 
marked in grey, the bluish grey tone is quite absent. Hindwings silkily glossy white, only slightly grey at 
margin. Wing expanse: 33 mm. 
A. melanura Alph. (21 g) is a genuine species according to Filipjev. The ground colour is not white, 
but only somewhat more whitish than that ol other allied species. It differs by the bold dark shade at margin, 
which extends along both sides of the subterminal line, as in inumbrata and is in fact very wide. It is separable 
from other related species by the genitalia in that the lower edge of the distal part of the valve is not point¬ 
ed and the lower projection is much longer than the middle one. In pertinax the distal part of the valve 
tapers off towards the extremity, but it is not pointed as in the closely related fergana and the middle pro¬ 
jection is just as long as the upper one. Besides occurring in Armenia, it is also found in Transcaucasia. 
A. bermeja Ribbe (= iberica Hmps., occidentals Obth.) (21 h) is one of the finest Caradrina species 
in the group of pertinax forms. Forewings varyingly heavily admixed with leaden grey on yellowish grey 
ground, the leaden grey sometimes predominating. The marginal area is particularly dark with a very dis¬ 
tinct pale subterminal line therein. The basal area and a very clear central shade are also dark, as are the 
orbicular and reniform stigmata. Hindwings are whitish grey, darker than in pertinax. This species has no 
relationship with gilva , despite the fact that bermeja was described as a form of same. Albarracin to Andalusia. 
A. vicina Stgr. (Vol. 3, p. 213, pi. 45 f). A better illustration is given heie (21 h) as the one in the 
Main Volume was not good. It is a somewhat smaller species that is more clearly marked. On the somewhat 
transparent hindwings a marginal line stands out very distinctly from the white surface of the wing and some¬ 
times the margin itself is dusky. The species is distributed from Sarepta to Transcaspia and Samarkand. 
A. syriaca Stgr. (Vol. 3, p. 213) is also illustrated from a specimen bred by Pungeler (21 h). It has 
such a different appearance to vicina , that I must deem it to be a genuine species. The deep black reniform 
stigma is especially characteristic. It is mainly distributed over Palestine. 
A. fergana Stgr. (Vol. 3, p. 213). Filipjev claims that this also is a genuine species. The <§ genitalia 
differ from those of pertinax bv having the distal part of the valve processes tapering off to a point, the cen¬ 
tral projection is considerably longer than the upper one. As compared with vicina, the markings of forewings 
are more definite, but blotchy, not forming lines. The darkening towards the margin is mainly inside of the 
subterminal line, in contrast to melanura. fergana is known to occur in Transcaspia, Samarkand and the 
Pamir. 
A. paupera Chr. (Vol. 3, p. 213, pi. 45 f). Zerny has ascertained that this is quite a different species 
as the one illustrated by Hampson and recapitulated by Warren in the Main Volume. Further investigations 
seem essential. It is impossible for me to discover, what is the genuine paupera; Zerny claims to have cap¬ 
tured a specimen in the Lebanon that should be classified under this denomination. 
A. morpheus Hfngl. (Vol. 3, p. 213, pi. 45 f). This generally common species was badly illustrated 
and we are giving a better illustration of both sexes here (21 h). The species is very variable in colour, the 
distinctness of the shade at outer margin, size etc. - fusca Costni. is small, of wide wing contour and very 
dark black-brown ground colour. — ochracea Lenz on the other hand is a very pale buff with diffuse mark- 
