2 
W. M. TATTEESALL. 
]\Ir. Hodgson (1902) described two species as new, Euphausia glacialis and E. australis, 
collected by the ‘ Southern Cross ’ South Polar Expedition. Both species are 
synonymous with E. superbci, Dana, so that previous to 1903 only four Antarctic 
species of Seliizopoda were known, viz., Eucopia australis, Dana, Eupliausia superha, 
Dana, Tliysanoessa macrura, Cf. 0. Sars, and Pseudomma sarsi, Will.-Suhm. 
Of the recent expeditions to the South Pole, which number seven, the results of 
the Schizopoda of the French Antarctic Expedition have been published in full, and of 
the ‘Valdivia’ Expedition in part only. M. Coutiere (1906) notes from the French 
Antarctic collections, Euphausia superba, Dana, E. similis, G. 0. Sars, Tliysanoessa 
macrura, G. 0. Sars, and Antarctomysis maxima (Hanseir, MS.), a species also recorded 
in the preliminary note on the present collection. 
Preliminary descriptions have been published of two Antarctic Mysidse collected 
by the ‘Valdivia’ (Illig, 1906), Dactylerythrops arcuata and Echinomysis chuni. The 
first of these is synonymous with a species Dactylamblyops liodgsoni, described below. 
This completes the bibliography as regards purely Antarctic Schizopoda, though a 
number of sub-Antarctic species are known. 
Ten of the thirteen species collected by the t Discovery ’ were taken in Antarctic 
waters, and when, as v r e have seen above, the total previously recorded species number 
seven, it will be recognised that the present collection has added considerably to our 
knowledge of South Polar species of this group. 
The most abundant species in the collection is a small Euphausia, E. crystal- 
lorophias, H. and T., which evidently has its head-quarters under the ice, since all the 
specimens were collected from ice-holes at Winter Quarters, and none were met wdth in 
the open sea. On the other hand, the dominant species of the collections from open 
Antarctic waters are Euphausia superba, Dana, and Tliysanoessa macrura, G. O. Sars. 
The abundant material of the first-named species has afforded opportunity for 
some observations on the sexual characters and life history of the species, with the 
result that four other species, hitherto regarded as distinct from E. superba, must now 
be allocated to its synonymy, having been founded either on characters which are 
sexual and not specific, or else from immature specimens. 
The scarcity of fully grown males of E. superba seems worthy of note. This fact 
seems to be established by the results of the various collections of wdiich we have 
knowledge, since, so far as I am aware, the only one recorded is Sars’ ‘ Challenger' 
specimen. M. Coutiere (1906), it is true, notes that male specimens were more 
numerous than females in the collection he examined, but it is equally clear that none 
were fully grown, since the largest measured only 45 mm., and was in the stage pre¬ 
vious to the last moult into completely grown specimens. There are no fully-grown 
males in the ‘ Discovery ’ collections, but to judge from the development of the copulatory 
apparatus on the first pleopods, many of them must be sexually mature at any rate. 
Tliysanoessa macrura, G. O. Sars, too, seems never to have been previously met 
with in full-grown condition, and but very few of the ‘ Discovery ’ specimens can be 
