SECOND REPORT- 1832 . 
Cuvier proposes to divide mankind into three distinct races. 
One of these races had, according to his hypothesis, its ori¬ 
ginal seat on Mount Atlas, and its branches are spread over 
Africa. These are the narrow-skulled, woolly-haired African 
nations. But there are woolly-haired tribes of men, equally 
black with the Negroes of Guinea, and resembling them in 
form and general appearance, in other equatorial countries 
besides Africa. Such are the black savages who inhabit the 
mountains behind Malacca, termed Samang ; the woolly-haired 
Papuas of New Guinea and nearly all the larger islands of the 
Indian Archipelago: and the natives of Mallicollo and some 
other isles in the Pacific Ocean. These must belong to the 
same race as the African Negroes, if races are constituted on 
the principle of physical analogy; and Cuvier accordingly re¬ 
sorts to the hypothesis, that some Negroes from Africa lost 
their way —se sont tgares —in the great Southern Ocean, in 
order to account for the existence of woolly-haired people in 
the countries above mentioned. A second human race in his 
system are the Mongolians or Kalmucs, whose origin he thinks 
may be deduced from the high mountains of Altai. The other 
great division of mankind, consisting of men with oval and 
symmetrical skulls, to which European nations belong, are in 
like manner supposed to have drawn their first breath on 
Mount Caucasus, and are hence termed the Caucasian race. 
“ On surveying the manner in which nations are distributed 
and associated together, in these three departments, we meet 
with some facts which are staggering anomalies to those who 
judge of the affinity of races by that of languages. We shall 
take for example the enumeration of tribes reckoned by Baron 
Cuvier as belonging to the Mongolian race. He says : — 
“ * To the eastward of what has been termed the Tartar branch 
of the Caucasian race, that is, to the northward of the Caspian, 
is found the commencement of the Mongolian stock, which 
prevails from thence as far as the Eastern Ocean. Its branches, 
still nomadic, the Kalmucs and the Kalkas, wander over vast 
deserts. Their ancestors three times—under Attila, under 
Genghis, and under Tamerlane—carried far the terror of their 
name. The Chinese are the branch, the most anciently civilized, 
not only of this race, but of all nations that are known. A third 
branch, the Mantschoos, have lately conquered China, and yet 
govern it. The Japanese and the Coreans, and most of the 
hordes reaching to the N.E. of Siberia under the domination 
of the Russians, belong, in great part, to this stock :—except 
some of the Chinese literati, the whole Mongolian race is ad¬ 
dicted to the worship of Fo.’ 
“ Here we find two classes of nations, identified and repre- 
