m 
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Vol. 21, 
No. 12 
Page 2 
Although the limited amount of data C ol Iph-p^i ..u c 
conclusions (this study will be continue ? iqS thuS far proh,blt tenable 
apparent. First, all four rabbit nests In * ? 7 ?', tW ° noteworth y trends are 
fescue seedings; however, rabbit nests ln ? 77 and 1978 were in m ' xed 
fescue plots ?h^n in the dense LnmLf.f Tr m0re ° bserva ’ 1e tn the mixed 
17 songbird nests located in 1977 wer e atona the 6 ? 311100 ! Secondl y> 13 of the 
1978 when there was both north d “'“I ** 0 <" 
bird nests in other roadside ° f 
a 1 : 7/0 were simi lar to previous years. 
££ olo SY III d Management of Squi rrels 
C. M. Nixon, 
L. P. Hansen 
Both gray and fox squirrels util 
for protection from predators and Inclement » !u' 1,65 ° r leaf nests > or both, 
young, we have found that forllV In°- “ " urseries for their’ 
gray squirrels contain an average of twice as mini IIm arS ° CCUpied b V 
devoid of gray squirrels, we have ns» t 7 cavities as do forests 
that had less than two good Lalllv IIL It' W ‘ th 9 ra * s 9uirrels 
female fox squirrels are more likelv to l. pp VI l6S PGr acre * We a l so found that 
instead of in a leaf nest or nest box P pr «** n ** y °“"9 in a tree cavity 
diameter entrance hole, ^2-24'inches 9 dee D ? U ^' ' cavitles ( 2_ to 3-inch 
squirrels. To ensure that foresters and^i!Hi '™ P ° rtant for both 9 ray and fox 
readily form cavities at a reUUvely ^e 'e trCes that 
those species most likely to form suitable nest'sUes! C6SSary to » de n t i f y 
tree cavities on^S acres U of e hardwood e f tr6SS ^* 5 ‘° ' nches dbh wi th and without 
100 years depending on the site /T' I™* ^ Varied between 50 and 
basswood, and beech-^alf coniat^ed sicnl" ^ three *Pecies~sugar maple, 
expected on the basis of total tree r! ' 1ca nt1y more cavities than would be 
the hickories conta ned s qntfiLntl T ^ ^ 5 hat whlte and b,ack ° ak * and 
of their abundance? s1 9n■f•cant 1y fewer cavities than expected on the basis 
fertile so! iTisial ly^lowe'r s loDes°a be6Ch ar ® f ° Und gr owing on moist, 
valuable for lumber products, foiesters^a? 0 ?? 5 * Be f aUSe they are not Particularly 
valuable oaks, tulip'ree, and black walnut tfT ^ favor ° f the more 
present in a stand to be loqqed we rernmmp a ° ne m ° re ° f these species are 
per acre in the course of logging or timbe^st^ 6 "*' 0 " ° f tW ° ° r three trees 
squirrel densities in Illinois (1-2 ner a/rJ im P rovement * At present 
cavities would provide most squirrels and oth* th ' 5 . dens1ty of tree s with 
to a tree cavity. 9 d th r cav ity-nesting wildlife access 
