Vol. 24, i!o. 12 
Page 4 
Table 1, Characteristics of 
adult, female, white-tailed 
minimum winter home ranges of radio-monitored 
deer, I January to 31 March 1331. 
9 
Tag 
number 
Area 
Major 
axi s 
Minor 
axis 
Percent of 
range in 
cropland 
Number of 
observations 
Hectares 
Acres 
km 
mi 
km 
mi 
316 
109 
269 
1.8 
1.1 
1.1 
0.7 
14.2 
122 
336 
32 
203 
1.3 
1.1 
0.3 
0.5 
3.5 
04 
330 
117 
239 
1.9 
1.2 
1.2 
0.8 
17.1 
78 
243 
108 
267 
2.3 
1.4 
1.0 
1.1 
19.9 
52 
Cooperative Waterfowl Research - W-f>8-R 
F.C. Bel I rose, S.P. Havera, 
G.A. Perkins, H,K. Archer 
Effective long-term management of Illinois 1 - 
as with other wildlife species can k migratory waterfowl resource, 
improving existing habitat in ihe state ? !?!!"? ”? b Y maintaining and 
is the quality and availability of food items t habitat characteristic 
by Illinois waterfowl, „ e col llcled TzzardTfrrl V the foods TOS ‘ used 
and I 9 S 0 huntine seas/Us *, ?! . 9 ros fz °"> cooperators during the 1079 
Illinois and Mississippi rivers durillTth!'?! ° r ^ ° fa, l du ck-days along the 
therefore, that species w« tiler!!! ? I 2 ' y f r P ar,od ° f W through 1973; 
of 7,022 mallard gizzards was colle^ted^re^?? lV°° d ’ h ? b, ,! S ana,ysis - A total 
distribution: Illinois Riv” areas-It^ sl!« t !,?* ?' th the fo "° wi "S 
sites I' I ''f 3 9 ' 22ardS: Central aad Southern^ I ???nol s Re te I VO I r s ?-6 !r 
sites, 1,1 ^>7 gizzards; and Northeastern Illinois —1 cn ese [ volrs 8 
-Ha^r^sr^'totli'Tf 3 ?^ 7 :' 5 of i? r l; « r" «" ard 
foods and about 25 species of animal folds were idlnltflid ThIT P ! ant 
are being entered on computer tapes for analysis Addin’ ^ food ' hablts data 
examined from the ,93, hunting season from aleas'noJIlfnltlntlTtlpte^Jed'? 
INHS Btnl“ n °37(4 )-IhlTtl aIses S W ih’ ^ C ? mpared with those of Anderson (1959; 
over the last kO years ??? ?- 96S food - use b Y Illinois mallards 
the quality of existing waterfowl f™d'“sitreel?' P Waterf ° W ' mana 9 ers maximize 
