210 
BUDDING AND GRAFTING. 
always employed. It is, moreover, easier, and therefore better 
suited to the amateur. The manner of doing it will be seen at a 
glance of the subjoined woodcuts. The stock is cut over in a slant¬ 
ing direction, and on the upper edge a lengthened notch is cut out, 
in depth proportionate to the substance of the scion to be inserted. 
The latter is then cut wedge-shaped, as nearly the size of the pre¬ 
viously made notch as can be guessed at, and is then slipped into 
its place, pressing it down until the bark of both graft and stock 
fit each other exactly. If the stock then projects upwards beyond 
where the union commences, that part is cut away in a sloping 
manner downwards from the scion, that no lodgement for moisture 
may be formed. The two are then tied firmly together, and if 
the subjects are out of doors, the whole of the meeting parts are 
covered with well-tempered clay ; or, if they are tender plants, it 
is usual to place them in a temperature rather more elevated than 
they are accustomed to, and by maintaining a close humid at¬ 
mosphere about them, the perfect union is speedily effected. By 
the above method several scions may be inserted in the end of a 
large stock, and is then called crown grafting. 
The whip graft is made by cutting over the end of the stock, 
and afterwards paring away a longitudinal portion of the bark 
and wood until a flattened surface is left, of about the diameter 
of the graft to be used. This is then cut in the same manner, 
so as to fit exactly at both its edges with the bark of the stock, 
and to make a neat appearance in after years. Each should be 
nearly of a size. When the two flat surfaces are made precisely 
alike, a notch may be cut by merely entering the knife upwards in 
