Vol. 14, No. 7 
Page 2 
3* Ecology and Management of Squirrels C. M. Nixon, 
R. E. Greenberg 
Livetrapping of a mixed gray and fox squirrel population was undertaken 
for 10 consecutive days during late May 1971 to derive an estimate of the 
number of squirrels located within a 70-acre, predominately pole sized, 
oak-hickory forest. Traps were placed at random, one trap per 0.89 acre, 
and were baited with English walnuts. 
A total of 66 squirrels were captured one or more times, 60 fox 
squirrels and six gray squirrels. Estimates of population size derived 
from the frequency distribution of all captures were 113 (Regression 
Method) and 127 (MLE Method). Expected capture frequencies calculated for 
both methods did not differ significantly (P> 0 . 05 ) from the observed 
captures. 
A total of 29 adults, 16 yearlings, 1 subadult, and 4 juvenile fox 
squirrels were captured. There were 33 males and 27 females in this sample. 
A total of eight of 11 adult (1 year +) females (72.7 percent) had 
just completed nursing a litter. 
A population density estimated at 1.7 per acre seems quite high for an 
immature forest. Of course, there are some mature trees located throughout 
the study area, particularly along the lower slopes and in the ravines 
found on the north portion of the study area. More mature forests are 
found adjacent to the south, west, and north boundaries of the study area. 
Undoubtedly, squirrels forage at considerable distances from these mature 
habitats. One tagged fox squirrel traversed the study area from south to 
north during the 10-day livetrapping period. 
4. Responses of Bobwhites to Habitat Manipulation J. A. Ellis 
The prebreeding census of quail for 1971 on the Forbes and Dale areas 
was completed during early March. Results of this census indicated 
populations of 3.1 and 10.5 quail per 100 acres on the Forbes and Dale areas, 
respectively. The estimate for Forbes was 32 percent less than the 
corresponding estimate obtained in 1970. The estimate of the prebreeding 
population on Forbes in 1971 was lower than the long-term mean estimate of 
the prebreeding population (4.6 quail per 100 acres) and also represented 
a decline of 87 percent from the prehunt population level in 1970 . 
On Dale, the prebreeding population for 197^ was slightly higher than 
the corresponding estimate (10.0 quail per 100 acres) obtained in 1970. 
However, the prebreeding estimate in 1971 was 42 percent greater than the 
long-term mean (7.4 quail per 100 acres). The prebreeding estimate in 1971 
represented a decline of 72 percent from the prehunt population level of 
1970. 
