PROCEEDINGS—PERTHSHIRE SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCE, xlvii 
student, who will carry away a lesson if it is put before him in 
sufficiently plain and intelligible terms. 
THE SUMMER EXCURSIONS OF 1899. 
The excursions, as a whole, have hardly been so well attended as 
in former years. They were, however, thoroughly enjoyed by those 
who were able to be present, as the weather was, as a rule, all that 
could be desired. The following notes have been supplied to me, 
chiefly by the several leaders, as I was unfortunately unable to take 
part in the excursions until nearly the end of the season. 
r. May 22, to Dura Den. This excursion, which was held on 
the Queen’s Birthday, was mainly geological, and amongst those 
present were a number of the members who had attended Mr. Corr’s 
Lectures on Geology. Mr. Corr, who was leader for the day, sends 
me the following notes :—“The object of this excursion was to give 
the geological class an opportunity of observing fossils in situ , and of 
inspecting the classic Old Red Sandstone of Dura Den. Starting 
from Cupar, the party at once set out for Ladeddie, and an old lime¬ 
stone quarry about a mile beyond Pitscottie. Here excavations have 
been made in one of the numerous beds of Carboniferous limestone 
which are interbedded amongst the shales and sandstones of the 
Lower Carboniferous series in Fife. On reaching the quarry, all the 
available hammers were put into operation without delay, and in a 
short time quite a number of specimens were obtained. These 
consisted chiefly of Cup-corals ( Cyathophyllum ), Crinoidal stems, and 
several species of Brachiopods ( Spirifera and Productus), Productus 
spinulosus being very abundant. By far the rarest fossil in the 
Ladeddie limestone is the little Carboniferous Trilobite, Phillipsia 
mucronata. Our time being very limited, we only succeeded in 
excavating one specimen of Phillipsia. Returning from Ladeddie to 
Pitscottie, we then entered Dura Den, passing under the shadow of 
the great cliffs of Carboniferous sandstone that confront us as we 
enter the Den from the south. There we pass almost imperceptibly 
into the Upper Old Red Sandstone, from which were obtained those 
fine specimens of fishes described and figured by Dr. Anderson in 
his ‘Monograph of the Yellow Sandstone,’ and by Professor Huxley 
in his ‘ Memoirs of the Geological Survey,’ Decade X.” 
2. June 10, to Kinnaird Castle. Photography was the chief aim 
of this excursion, and Colonel Campbell, who is always present when 
there is any work for his camera, sends the following particulars:— 
“Journeying by rail to Errol, the party were joined by Dr. Robertson, 
and drove by Fingask to Kinnaird. A thorough examination of the 
old building was made, and the magnificent view from the battle¬ 
ments was greatly admired. The Castle dates from about the end 
of the Fifteenth or beginning of the Sixteenth Century. One pecu¬ 
liarity- about it is that the lower storey seems to have been only 
partially vaulted, as the corbels which must have supported wooden 
beams are still to be seen. The only historical event connected with 
the building appears to be that James YI. once spent a week or two 
