92 OIL AND GAS; OHIO, WEST VIRGINIA, PENNSYLVANIA. 
Permars Run. It is also present in the ridge from Wintersville to 
Two Ridge Church, and from this point south to Fernwood. 
The average thickness of the coal bed is about 44 feet. It is 
usually accompanied by limestone above and below. The Rider bed, 
having a thickness of about a foot, is invariably present. A num¬ 
ber of comparisons of elevation were made to determine the distance 
of this Rider bed above the base of the Pittsburg coal as follows: 
Distance between top of Rider coal and base of Pittsburg coal, Cross 
Township, Ohio. 
On road from Cross Creek to New Alexandria_ 
On road from McIntyre Creek to New Alexandria_ 
On’road from Fells to New Alexandria_ 
On road from McIntyre Creek northward___ 
On road from Fells northward___ 
On road northwestward from McIntyre oil field_ 
On road soutliwestwarcl from McIntyre oil field_ 
On west edge of quadrangle_ 
On pike south of Fernwood_ 
On spur between Longs Run and Cross Creek_ 
Creelc 
Feet. 
39 
32 
26 
30 
29 
29 
28 
29 
27 
32 
Average 
30. 6 
Ames limestone .—The Ames limestone is present in normal thick¬ 
ness in the hills south of Gould station, but farther up McIntyre 
Creek it is probably wanting. Farther up Cross Creek it develops 
into a prominent bed, being from 1 to 2 feet thick in the vicinity of 
Fernwood and up the side ravines. The following comparisons of 
elevations were made to determine the interval between the Ames 
limestone and the Pittsburg coal: 
Distance beticeen top of Ames limestone and base of Pittsburg coal, Cross Creek 
Township, Ohio. 
Feet. 
On pike south of Fernwood_212 
On north side of ridge between Longs Run and Cross Creek_214 
On road from New Alexandria to Cross Creek___226 
On road from Two Ridge Church to Reeds Mills_224 
On Fernwood Creek, Ames limestone with Pittsburg coal on opposite sides 201 
On Dry Fork «_ 197 
Average 
219 
STEUBENVILLE TOWNSHIP, JEFFERSON COUNTY, OHIO. 
Steubenville Township extends along the west side of Ohio River. 
In it are exposed rocks from the middle of the Monongahela to the 
middle of the Conemaugh formations. 
a Not included in average. 
