DETAILED GEOLOGY OF STEUBENVILLE QUADRANGLE. 97 
higher hills near the town of Independence, Pa. None of these 
coals is of commercial value in the quadrangle. The IJniontown is 
a small bed not over 1 foot thick. The Wavnesburg is about 2 feet 
thick and overlain by sandstone. About 30 feet above the Waynes- 
burg is the Waynesburg “A” bed, about 1 foot thick and underlain 
by fire clay. The Washington coal has a thickness of about 4 feet 
and is overlain by limestone. Not enough good measurements of 
the distances between these upper coals could be obtained to tabulate 
the results. By comparing the elevations of these coal beds and the 
elevation of the Pittsburg and Meigs Creek coals at different places 
the following measurements for the interval between them were 
obtained: 
Distance between top of various coal beds and bottom of Pittsburg coal, Cross 
Creek and Buffalo townships, West Virginia. 
Feet. 
IJniontown coal_20G 
Waynesburg coal_250 
Waynesburg “A” coal___278 
Washington coal_355 
Bemcood limestone .—The Benwood limestone is present in the 
high land between Cross Creek and Buffalo. It is also found in the 
higher knobs of the ridge which extends eastward from Ohio River 
south of Harmon Creek. The separate beds of the Benwood lime¬ 
stone are not characteristic enough to be used as marking strata for 
determining the geologic structure. 
Meigs Creek coal .—The outcrop of the Meigs Creek coal is present 
in most places on all roads leading north and south from the main 
ridge south of Harmon Creek. The coal is not of sufficient thickness 
to be of economic value, but is a good geologic marker. The out¬ 
crops of the Meigs Creek coal, whose elevations were determined in 
the northern portion of the township, were not in position for direct 
comparison with the Pittsburg coal. In the southern part of Cross 
Creek Township and in Buffalo Township the Meigs Creek coal is 
of very poor quality, its position usually being represented only by 
a stratum of black shale. The distance of the Meigs Creek coal above 
the Pittsburg is somewhat greater in this area than elsewhere in the 
quadrangle, as shown by the following measurements: 
Distance between top of Meigs Creek coal and base of Pittsburg coal, Cross 
Creek and Buffalo townships, West Virginia. 
On road down Potrock Run- 
On road from Cross Creek to Pierce Run- 
On hill between Cross Creek and Scott Run- 
On ridge road from Cross Creek to Fowlersville 
On ridge east of Ebenezer Run- 
Feet. 
102 
111 
110 
109 
113 
Average, i- 
3496—Bull. 318—07-7 
109 
