COL. CAMPBELL ON DISTRIBUTION OF PERTHSHIRE BIRDS. Il7 
arenarid) in Perthshire, though I have no doubt some of thern at 
least are to be found within our marshes on that ornithological 
paradise, the sands of Tentsmuir. Like most of the birds of this 
family, all the above have a wide range over Europe and Asia, as 
well as America. 
The Common Sandpiper {Totanus hypoleucus) and the Redshank 
{Totaniis calidris)^ common Perthshire birds the former breeding 
on the gravelly banks of our rivers and the latter on our moors and 
marshes,—are found, according to the season, from the shores of the 
Arctic circle in summer to the coasts of North Africa and India in 
winter. 
The Greenshank {Totanus canescens) is a rare bird in Perthshire, 
as it is, generally, in our islands, where it is most frequently met with 
during its spring or autumn migrations. It also wanders from the 
Arctic circle to the Straits of Sunda, and from the extreme north of 
America to Florida. 
The Bar-tailed Godwit {Limosa lapponica) is a regular winter 
visitor to the mouth of the Tay, and Yarrell records it from the 
shores of the Caspian Sea, India, and Java. 
The Whimbrel {Numenms phceopus) has been seen by Col. 
Drummond Hay in large flocks on Tentsmuir, but it is nowhere so 
common as the Curlew {N. arquatiis), which breeds on all our moor¬ 
lands, and is a shy and wary bird. I have shot both the Whimbrel 
and Curlew on the banks of the Ganges at Cawnpore. 
SternidtE.— Of the Terns, we have specimens of the Common 
Tern {Sterna fluviatilis), the Little Tern (A. minuta), the Sandwich 
Tern (A. ca^itiaca), and the Black Tern {Hydrochelidon nigra) m the 
Museum. The two former are common at the mouth of the Tay, 
where they breed, and are, I am glad to say, protected by the pro¬ 
prietor, Mr. Mackenzie of Earlshall; but the latter are rare, and 
occasional visitors to our shores. All the above species have an 
extensive range throughout Europe, Asia (including India), and 
Africa, and the Common and Lesser Tern are also included in the 
American fauna. 
Larid^.— The Black-headed Gull {Larus ridibundus),i\iQ common¬ 
est and at the same time one ot the most interesting birds on the Tay, 
where it may be seen at all seasons of the year, bieeds on many of 
our reedy lochs, and also on the river, forming, when unmolested, 
large colonies, such as may be seen at Methven and Dupplin. It 
also breeds in Sweden, Russia, and Siberia, and is recorded as far 
south as Sicily in winter. 
The Common Gull (Z. canus) and the Herring Gull (Z. argen-^ 
tatus) are also common on the Tay, as far at least as Perth Bridge, 
and may also be seen, in the early mornings of autumn, hunting for 
