COL. CAMPBELL ON DISTRIBUTION OF PERTHSHIRE BIRDS. II9 
ception of the Puffin, which migrates south at that season. I have 
seen it in the Bay of Biscay in November. 
The Little Auk {Mergulus alle) is essentially a northern bird, and 
is common in all the countries within the radius of the arctic circle, in 
Europe, Asia, and America, revelling among the ice, and never com¬ 
ing to our shores except when driven to them by northern gales. 
Their visits to us are very uncertain, though, since I wrote this paper, 
we have, during the severe winter of 1894-51 had an unprecedented 
flight of these most interesting little birds, which were found dead or 
exhausted all over our islands. Several were procured in the neigh¬ 
bourhood of Perth, and one which was found in the garden of the 
Prison, will, I hope, soon be exhibited as a skeleton in the Museum. 
CoLYMBiD^.—The Great Northern Diver {^Colyinbiis glacialis\ 
the Red-throated Diver (C. septentrio 7 ialis), and the Black-throated 
Diver (C. arcticus) are all found in the estuary of the Tay in autumn 
and winter. The former never remains to breed in Scotland, but the 
Red-throated breeds in Sutherlandshire and Orkney, whilst I have 
found the nest of the Black-throated species in Perthshire. 
The Great-crested Grebe {Fodiceps cristatus) is found on the lower 
reaches of the Tay, and I know of more than one of its nesting-places 
in the county. It extends from the reedy lakes of Russia and Siberia 
to South Africa and India, and is also included in the fauna of 
North America. 
The Red-necked Grebe {P. griseigend) and the Sclavonian Grebe 
{P. auritus) are both rare visitors to the estuary of the Tay, their 
habitats being in the far north. I have ’shot the latter species in 
winter plumage at Stromness. 
The Little Grebe {P, piiiviatilis) is, on the other hand, one of our 
commonest birds, being found on most of the reedy lochs and ponds 
in the district, where it remains all the year round. It is included in 
the birds of Sweden, and ranges through Holland, Belgium, and 
France, to Italy, Sicily, and Malta, to which, however, it is only 
a winter visitor. It is also common in India in the cold weather. 
I have now exhausted the list of our local birds, and I think it 
will be seen from the above enumeration that the ornithologists of 
Perthshire are particularly fortunate in possessing so rich and varied 
an Avi-fauna. 
1 
