Publ . 3 . VII . 1930 . 
ZYGAENA. By H. Reiss. 
33 
with fairly long darInfringes. Spot 6 is always widely attached to spot 5. Red a dark carmine-rose. Abdomen 
fairly heavily haired. The name confluens Dziurz. is withdrawn as a confluence of pairs of spots is typical 
of the species, cilicica is often mistaken for filipendulae races which occur in the same localities. The description 
of ledereri Stgr. in Vol. 2, p. 25 and the illustration on Plate 6 e was not based on a typical cilicica. 
Z. laphria Freyer (Vol. 2, p. 25 and p. 443) (3 h) from Anatolia (Ak-Shehir) and Armenia has a brilliant 
red mixed with yellow and a slight blue-green gloss on forewings. Spot 6 is widely attached to spots 5. Spots 3 
and 4 generally separated, but placed closely together. Hindwings pointed, paler with intermixed yellow scales, 
with irregular narrow dark margins rather wider at apex, fringes long and dark; antennae short especially 
in the $, pointed at tip. The bodies of the $$ very long and heavy. The ab. confluens Bgff. has confluent spots 
(Ak-Shehir). The specimens illustrated were collected by Korb in Armenia (in the Collection of Burgeff). 
Burgeff has established his laphria as a separate species on the basis of his examination of the genitals. W hether 
Burgeff’ s laphria is actually identical with that of Freyer is not ascertainable. 
Z. filipendulae L. (Vol. 2, p. 22 and p. 442). The filipendulae described by Linne originated from S. 
Sweden. Specimens of this type race from Wisby, Slite, Thorsburg on the Island of Gothland, from Kristine- 
borg and Stockholm have a strikingly large 6th red spot on the forewings as compared with the size of the 
other spots; spots 3 and 4 as well as 5 and 6 are closely approximated, the latter spots are often confluent 
or widely conjoined together. The wing contour is pointed and narrow, margin on the hindwings is scarcely 
present. The spots on underside of fore wings are generally situate in a red surface which covers the whole 
spot area, in which however they are still discernible. Beyond the spot area on underside the black ground 
colour reappears. — The var. tutfi Rbl. in Vol. 2, p. 23 (= hippocrepidis Steph., filipendulae Briggs) occurs in 
England, ab. flava ( Robson ) Bgff. (3i) occurs here. The specimen illustrated is from N. Kent. — In Lapland 
and Norway (Groto) var. arctica Schneider (— manni Auriv.) occurs, it is a small form, thinly scaled, which 
closely resembles manni from the high Alps. — The var. stettina Bgff. ( = stettinensis Reiss, praeocc.) (3 i) from 
the surroundings of Stettin is larger than the type race and has considerably wider wings. Besides these 
characteristics the 6 spots on the forewings are most pronouncedly large so that often, especially in $$ specimens, 
wide red bands of spots 3—4 and 5—6 are created. The hindwings have scarcely wider margins than the type 
race. The $ type is illustrated. 
Verity assembles the entire races of mid and east Europe and the northern territory of the Alps under 
subsp. pulchrior Vrty. ( — angelicae Bsd., austria-hungarica Reiss) (type race from Vienna). It differs from the 
previous races by more sparsely haired bodies. Thorax and abdomen have the same silky gloss as the forewings. 
Further characteristics are the brighter and warmer red and the somewhat denser scaling. The name grisescens 
Oberth., mentioned in Vol. 2, p. 442, is withdrawn as it referred to an albinotic specimen. The following aber¬ 
rations are to be mentioned: ab. quinquemaculata Vorbr. without the 6th forewing spot; ab. cytisi Hbn. (Vol. 2, 
p. 22/23), the illustration on plate 5 f is a transition to this aberration; in ab. confluens (Vol. 2, p. 23) the 
author’s name is Oberth. instead of Dziurz. Transitions to confluens have been named communimacula Selys, 
bipunctata Selys, trivittata Tutt , conjuncta Tutt, all mentioned in Vol. 2, p. 23, and are now withdrawn. Then 
ab. polygalae Esp. with almost completely red forewings, only the black margin remains, and ab. flava Robson 
(not Hobson) in Vol. 2, p. 22 ( = lutescens Cock., citrinus Webb). Besides ab. chrysanthemi Borkh., in which the 
spots of forewings and hindwings are deep brown. The illustration on plate 5 f in Vol. 2 does not represent 
chrysanthemi. The names aurantia Tutt, miniata Tutt and intermedia Tutt in Vol. 2, p. 442 are withdrawn. - 
The race of the highlands of Germany occurring in the Central German Mountains and the high plateaux to 
the south to the boundary of the Alps is var. germanica Reiss (3 i). The specimens illustrated are from the 
neighbourhood of Stuttgart. The chief characteristics are the relatively small size, the less brilliant red as com¬ 
pared to the pulchrior of Vienna, the smaller generally sharply separated spots of fore wings, of which especially 
in the south of the area of distribution spot 6 is frequently very small. The hindwings especially in the CS have 
narrow black margins and the underside of forewings is generally yellowish-grey and silky glossy. The ab. 
pseudoalpina Reiss, which I caught near Weilderstadt (Wiirtt.), has reduced spots on fore wings, spot 6 inclines 
to disappear and is generally intersected by the black vein. The red is darker, the black margins to hindwings 
fairly wide and generally rather irregularly so. The yellow-grey silky gloss on underside of forewings has 
disappeared except for a few traces and has been replaced by black. A form of germanica in which the fore wing 
spots and the hindwings are impure white instead of red is named ab. pallida Reiss (taken near Ulm on the 
Danube) (3 i), the type is illustrated. — The race from W. France (Dompierre sur mer) is named by Verity 
var. pulcherrima (3 k) ( — manni var. Oberth.). It is larger than pulchrior and germanica and has very brilliant 
red. The spots are always very large: ab. confluens Oberth. which otherwise is very rare occurs fairly frequently. 
The o illustrated is from Auzay (Vendee). 
Here follows subsp. manni H.-Schdff. (Vol. 2, p. 23) from the territory of the high Alps. To be mentioned 
are ab. quinquemaculata (Vorbr.) Bgff., see above, and ab. stoechadina Bgff. with 5 spots, similar to stoechadis, 
Supplementary Volume 2 5 
laphria. 
confluens. 
filipen¬ 
dulae. 
tutii. 
flava. 
arctica. 
stettina. 
pulchrior. 
quinque¬ 
maculata. 
confluens. 
polygalae. 
chrysan¬ 
themi. 
germanica. 
pseudo¬ 
alpina. 
pallida. 
pulcher¬ 
rima. 
quinque¬ 
maculata. 
stoecha¬ 
dina. 
