20 
ZYGAENA. By H. Reiss. 
lampa- conjoined together being confluent. In ab. lampadouche Bgff. ( = gueneeiformis Vrty.) the lateral black margin- 
douche. a tion of spots has suffused and unites spot 3 with 5 and 2 with 4, otherwise the red spots are more or less 
confluent (Sabini Mountains). I myself possess a specimen from Genoa with the whole area of spots consisting 
Iricingulata . of red, only between spot 3 and 5 there is a small black streak. The ab. tricingulata Vrty. has a red abdominal 
belt over 3 segments. There are also quite small specimens with less intensive colouring which, as the denomin¬ 
ation given them of minima Rocci is previously utilised, had better remain unnamed. — Verity has established 
pumila. various races, for instance, var. pumila Vrty. very small with narrow wings and dainty build, otherwise similar 
Mcrubra. to the type race, not leaning towards sibyllina, from the Mountains of Tuscany (Traversa). — var. laterubra 
Vrty. from Caserta (Mount Mainarde), Abruzzi (Mount Sirente); large, red of spots more extended than in the 
corsioides. other races, so that frequently all spots are confluent. Here we have to mention: ab. corsioides Bgff. as 
Tleboniela's cors ^ co ^ es Std.; ab. odonotafa Bgff. with spot 4 widely intersected by black; ab. phlebomelas Std. with veins 
'irregularis, with black scales creating a ray-like marking; ab. confluens ZicJcert; ab. irregularis Std. : spots 5 and 6 are absent, 
ruberrima. spots 1 and 2, as well as 3 and 4 confluent; ab. ruberrima Std. (see above); ab. reissi Std. without black circum- 
rubescens scr ipti° n to the spots; ab. rubescens Bgff. : spot 1 elongated on costa and united with spot 3 ending just before 
garibaldina. spot 5 of the fore wings; ab. garibaldina Std. with quite red forewings on upper and undersides. — The var. 
sibyllina. sibyllina Vrty. (2 f) Mount Sibillini (Bolognola) is a small mountain race, larger however than 'pumila and 
delicately and sparsely scaled, forewings semitransparent, only the margin still intensive but narrowly black. 
quercii. The <$ illustrated is from Verity’s collection. — The var. quercii Vrty. from Sicily (Mount Cuccitiello), differen¬ 
tiates chiefly by its wide wings and exceptional size. It shows alpine character combined with sparser scaling. 
- In northwest Sicily Stauder discovered a small (smaller than sibyllina) race that occurs rarely: var. 
insulicola. insulicola Std. with normal colouration. The forewing spots are conjoined in pairs and with distinct black 
circumscription, spots 5 and 6 form a perfect right angle with almost equally long sides. 
acticola. The subsp. acticola Bgff. (2 f) from Alassio, Laigueglia and Porto Maurizio varies considerably from 
the type race. It differs by its somewhat longer and narrower wings, much darker with less green gloss, dusky 
red, very coarse scaling and longer fringes. Hindwings with wider black margin. Spots of forewings surrounded 
completely with black, the vertical part of the circumscription considerably heavier. Red spot 4 in some 
and in most 99 interspersed with yellow-white scales, in some 9$ Ike upper and lower parts are almost yellow, 
inopinata. only the middle being red: ab. inopinata Bgff. The <$ illustrated is from Alassio. 
The larva has been bred on Lotus corniculatus L. in captivity. Verity mentions Onobrychis sativa 
as the food plant. The ground colour of the larva after the last moult is deep velvety black. Head bluish black. 
There is a pale rose-red dorsal stripe with a grey-reddish tone beginning on the 3rd segment and disappearing 
in a similar way on the anal segment. The rose-red tone of the narrow lateral stripe merges underneath 
quickly in the grey-black of the flanks. In the upper part of the lateral stripe there are at regular intervals 
from the 5th segment 7 brilliant sulphur yellow warts. On the lateral excurvations of the rose coloured dorsal 
stripe there are tufts of stiff white bristle-like hairs on each segment. The stigmata and surrounds are 
grey-black. Thoracic legs black, prolegs fleshy red. Pupa longish in an eggshaped round cocoon. 
graslini. Z. graslini Led. (Vol. 2, p. 25) (2 f) is distributed in Syria, Mesopotamia, Taurus and Kurdistan. In 
confluens. regard to ab. confluens the author’s name is Dziurzynski and not Oberthur. A from Syria is illustrated. 
rhadaman- Z. rhadamanthus Esp. (Vol. 2, p. 26 and p. 443) is distributed in South France and the Pyrenee Peninsular. 
thus. qq ie type race is from Mines (Languedoc). In regard to its relationship with oxytropis I refer to my remarks 
gueneei. in that species. The ab. gueneei Oberth. (Vol. 2, p. 443) (= confluens Heinrich ) corresponds with ab. lampa¬ 
douche Bgff. in oxytropis ; ab. cingulata Led. (Vol. 2, p. 2G) is to be limited to all races that are pronouncedly 
flava. without belts. The yellow form ab. flava Oberth. (Vol. 2, p. 443) also occurs. The subsp. alfacarensis Reiss 
alfacarensis. (_ rhadamanthus H.-Schdff.) (2 f) from Andalusia, type race from Sierra de Alfacar, is larger and more robust 
than rhadamanthus. The specimens illustrated are typical. Spots 3 and 4 as well as spots 5 and 6 are often 
confluent together. On the underside of forewings the area of spots shows a complete red surface in which the 
separate spots can be discriminated. Hindwings red with narrow black margin. The hairs of thorax and 
abdomen are denser, abdomen always has a distinctly visible red belt. Specimens from Albarracin vary little. 
As Jciesenwetteri H.-Schdff. has been utilised as the name of an aberration, Verity has denominated the 
barcina. Catalonian race (Barcelona) as var. barcina (2 f). The race is small with bright colours and the 99 are dusted 
with grey. The thorax has profuse white hairs, abdominal belt absent, ground colour brightly glossy green or 
blue, six-spotted and hindwings often strongly suffused with black. Specimens of this race with normal red 
pseudo- hindwings are named ab. pseudorhadamanthus Bgff. The following aberrations occur: ab. quinquemaculata 
rhadaman- (Oberth.) Bgff. (see later on); ab. Jciesenwetteri H.-Schdff. (Vol. 2, p. 26, plate 6 h) and ab. obscura (Oberth.) 
quinque- ^ e ^ ss (2 g) (see later on). — Verity has named the race from the Pyrenees (La Traucada d’Ambouilla in the 
maculata. east Pyrenees in April, May) var. pyrenaea (= rhadamanthus Oberth.). It is without gloss, ground colour of the 
obscura. 
pyrenaea. 
