Piibl. 7. V. 1930. 
ZYGAENA. By H. Reiss. 
17 
tana. 
/ liras fa na. 
flavoprae- 
texta. 
rhenana. 
area of the spots, only between spots 3 -4 and the axe-shaped mark there is a narrow patch of black 
that is also interspersed with red scales; ab. flavogrisea Bgff. ( = grisea Reiss, praeocc.) SS heavily dusted flavogrisea. 
with grey-yellow. The yellow form ab. flava (Vol. 2, p. 27) was described by Dziurzynski and not by flava. 
Romanoff. The ab. blachieri (Vol. 2, p. 443) is described by Dziurzynski. The name fulva Spul. is withdrawn, blachieri. 
_ var. rhingauiana Bgff. is a narrow winged very densely scaled race shining with blue gloss on the rhingcm- 
upperside of forewings of <$<$. Spot 5 -6 on costa is not reduced but regularly developed. Spots incline 
to be confluent. Red of spots, a brilliant carmine, of hindwings pure carmine rose. The SS rarely, regularly 
dusted with yellowish-grey. Burgeff mentions a gynandrous hermaphrodite, $ on left, <$ on right; Geisen- 
heim (Rheingau). Burgeff separates var. jurassina for the large, wide winged, thinly scaled race from j 
the Swabian Alb, which is rarely dusted with yellowish white in the £ sex, but heavily in the $; spots of 
normal size, sometimes axe-shaped mark is somewhat reduced on costa, diffused in its outline on account 
of the sparse scaling. Red of hindwings a delicate carmine rose, that of the spots somewhat bolder and 
partly mixed with vermilion. From Spaichingen, Tuttlingen, Sigmaringen, Herrlingen, Klingenstein in June. 
Specimens of this race that have an appressed yellowish dusting in the neighbourhood of the spots which 
appears to surround same with yellow, are named by Burgeff as ab. ilavopraetexta. - A very cleaily differenti¬ 
able race is var. rhenana Reiss (2 b) from the Kaiserstuhl; larger and more thinly scaled than the preceding with 
considerably increased red spots on forewings, above all with large wide shell-like spot inclining to confluence. 
Specimens from the Swiss Jura (Bozingen) are identical. The $ type is illustrated. — As compared with the type 
race, the var. beraunensis Reiss, has smaller spots and is generally smaller and daintier. The red is darker, beraunensis. 
Faint superficial blue sheen, besides sparse, interspersion of yellowish scales on forewings of both sexes, the 
spots sometimes appear distinctly with yellowish surrounds. Mid-Bohemia (Karlstein, Radotin). - The var. 
peszerensis Reiss from the sandhills in the surroundings of Budapest is small with generally very acutely formed 
wings. — The east Prussian main race subsp. zobeli Reiss (2 b), type race from Osterode, is much more heavily 
built, rather larger, more densely scaled with a light superficial gloss on forewings. All spots are reduced, 
especially spot 3, that often can quite disappear. The small spot G is frequently attached to spot 5, that is 
also small. The $$ have yellowish scale interspersions on the forewings, often however they are quite without 
yellow scales. The margination of the hindwings is heavier. As according to Burgeff races occur in East 
Prussia that differ in some respects from zobeli, we mention zobeli as a subspecies. The $ type is illustrated. 
The high alpine form (Valais, Upper Engadin, Bavarian Alps) has been named subsp. alpestris Bgff. (= achilleae alpesiris. 
Mengelbir) occurring at 1200 to 2000 m. The chief characteristics are: Thin regular scaling and dusky appearance 
together with an inclination to a reduction of spots 5—6 and the complete absence of the yellowish dusting in 
the $$; Berghn (Engadin) Saas-Fee (Valais). — The South tyrolian race of this high mountain insect is of 
medium size, enlarged forewing spots and called var. castellana Std., being somewhat related to praeclara castellana. 
(see later) flying in the valleys; Castelrotto 700 -750 m, Costazza 1500—1700 m. — The subsp. miniacea Oberth. miniacea. 
(2 b) (= achilleae Dap.) from Charente, lower Charente, Vendee shows a more apparent gloss. Ground colour 
steel blue sometimes slightly greenish. The red is a brilliant vermilion more or less mixed with carmine; $ 
dusted with pale grey. The illustrated specimens are from Bompierre sur mer. The yellow form is ab. flava flava. 
Oberth. — Oberthur mentions ab. brunnea of subsp. tristis (Vol. 2, p. 27) from the high Pyrenees (Cauterets) brunnea. 
that is brown instead of red. — The subsp. arragonensis Stgr. (Vol. 2, p. 27) (2 b) is limited to Aragon. The £ 
illustrated is from Sierra Alta, Aragon, 1800 m. — The Basses-Alpes (Eigne) and Isere are the habitat of subsp. 
achillalpina Bgff. (= alpina Oberth., n. praeocc.; achilleae Bsd.) (2 b) with large wide wings and enlarged spots, achillal - 
It is probably the largest race of european achilleae with carmine red spots and hindwings, $$ dusted greenish 
grey. The ^ illustrated is from Eigne. Under this heading ab. janthina Bsd. is mentioned, it has small red spots janthina 
on forewings and the small spot 6 is frequently attached to spot 5. 
peszerensis. 
zobeli. 
pma 
wagmeri Mill. (Vol. 2, p. 21 and p. 441) from the Maritime Alps, eastwards to Alassio, type race La wagneri. 
Turbie, which has hitherto been deemed a separate species, can be added to achilleae as a subspecies. Besides 
the aberrations mentioned in Vol. 2, p. 21 there are: ab. subcaerulea Mill. (= nigra Dziurz. Vol. 2, p. 21) and subcaerulea 
ab. sexmacula Dziurz. (Vol. 2, p. 441) (= quadrimaculata Oberth.) — The race from Alassio: var. osthelderi sexmacula. 
Bgff. (2 c) is the darkest type of wagneri. In the $ spots are very small, often scarcely visible with considerably 06 " 
increased black hindwing margin, so that in a large number of insects the hindwings are almost black. There 
is an increase in the superficial blue sheen (more rarely green sheen) especially in dusky specimens. In the 
$ these characteristics are less pronounced. Spots of forewings mostly with yellow border. — In the ligurian 
Apennines westwards to Ceriale we find subsp. ligustica Rocci ( = ligustina Bgff.) (2 c) that belongs immediately ligustica. 
next to wagneri , but in seme respects is closer to achilleae. The differences from wagneri are: larger, narrower 
black margin to hindwings, generally on forewings spot 6 is attached or converged with spot 5, red more 
brilliant. The $$ show the yellowish dusting of achilleae $ in the shape of fine yellowish edges to spots, the 
black margination of hindwings is generally only perceptible at apex. The superficial colouring is less distinct. 
Supplementary Volume 2. 3 
