ZYGAENA. By H. Reiss. 
15 
time the specimens are very highly coloured. Specimens of this race that resemble rubicundus are ah. pseudo- pseudorubi- 
rubicundus Std. — Burgeff has named the red-belted form of var. dystrepta Fisch.-Wald. (Vol. 2, p. 21) (In) 
from South Russia as ab. cimgulata. The var. dystrepta has not actually completely red forewings in the spot cmgulata. 
area, as indicated in Vol. 2; a typical specimen from the lower Volga is illustrated. 
The subsp. anatoliensis Reiss (1 n) from the neighbourhood of Ak-Shehir in Asia Minor and probably anatolien- 
distributed elsewhere—Amasia from the Vienna Museum - - is much smaller and daintier in comparison to the 
other races. The red fills out uniformly deeply the whole spot area of the forewings, nearly as in Z. rubricundus 
without reaching to the inner margin along its entire extent. Ground colour is shining bluish, not faintly 
greenish glossy as in typical dystrepta , Hindwings have a faint dark margin at the apex. The red of the wings 
appears somewhat paler. The ab. dystreptoides Reiss with arrangement of spots on the forewings similar to dystrep- 
dystrepta and ab. cingulata ( Bgff .) Reiss occur. — malatina Seitz (Vol. 2, p. 21), n. praeocc. probably from cing J^ ta CS ' 
Malatia is scarcely identical with anatoliensis. A specimen before me from Malatia from Burgeff s collection 
is more brick-red. The ab. ? malatina Dziurz. (mentioned by the author himself in writing as ab.) has completely malatina. 
red forewings, only the apex and a bit of the border are dark, hindwings without margin, i he red is also more 
brick-red according to the written description of the author, and as in the specimen from the collection of 
Burgeff, that has not completely red fore wings. Malatia may be presumed to be the original locality. 
Z. contaminei Bsd. (Vol. 2, p. 20) (1 n) from the high Pyrenees is placed by Burgeff next to punctum contaminei. 
as subspecies, whilst I should prefer to continue same as a species. A $ is illustrated. ! he larvae feed accord¬ 
ing to Oberthur on Eryngium bourgati. - The var. ledereri Rmb. from the mountains of Andalusia may ledereri. 
correspond in general with those of contaminei from the Pyrenees. 
V. Subgen. Santolinophaga Bgff. 
Z. Corsica Bsd. (Vol. 2, p. 24). The illustration (1 n) represents the for the C see Vol. 2, plate 6 d. Corsica. 
Specimens with confluent spots on forewings are ab. confluens Reiss. confluens. 
VI. Subgen. Peucedanophila Bgff. 
*- 
Z. cynarae Esp. (= millefolii Esp.) (Vol. 2, p. 22 and p. 442) is a not widely distributed species. The cynarae. 
local isolation of the various strains seems to favour the formation of races. Cynarae was named by Esper from 
specimens from Galicia (surroundings of Lemberg). According to Esper’s illustration these are large insects with 
wide wings, with fairly wide margins and normal red belts. Near to the type race, which I do not know, we have 
var. pinskensis Bgff. which is found in the immense west Russian marsh land around Pinsk. These are very robust pinskensis. 
and unusually wide-winged insects with rather rounded truncate wing apices. They exceed turatii in size of thorax 
and abdomen. A specially constant characteristic of the marking is, as opposed to the type race, a wider black 
maro-ination to the hindwings. It however is never continued to the area of the fold (inner angle), as for instance 
in turatii, but seems to cut off the apex of hindwings obliquely. The $ $ show more reduced hindwings than usual 
and exceptionally large bodies. The race flies mid-July. — The hungarian race var. pusztae Bgff. is said to be pusztae. 
identical with the galician type race, but does not correspond with Esper’s illustrations. The insects are smaller 
and daintier, fairly densely scaled, black with very faintly visible blue or green gloss, the $$ dusted with grey 
or greenish, more daintily scaled than the CC ■ J he red is a deep dull carmine. Spots are fairly frequently partially 
or completely confluent: ab. confluens Bgff. The red abdominal belt is always present. From Peszer-Alsodahas, confluens. 
Budapest and Goedoeloe. — The var. veronicae Borkh. (2 a) (= cynarae 0.) is described from the neighbourhood veronicae. 
of Marburg. The type distribution is unknown but the cynarae from Schweinfurt, Ludwigshafen, Schwetzingen 
and Darmstadt are probably identical with same. Both sexes are somewhat narrower in the wing and decidedly 
more sparsely scaled than pusztae. The thinner scaling makes the black areas of the wings strongly transparent, 
the red is brighter, more iridescent. Some of the ££ have a heavy golden green gloss on the black areas of the 
wings, which can also be indicated in the CE-> which in extreme cases reminds one of centaureae. ab. aureoviridis aurcovhi- 
Bgff. The inclination to every degree of confluence is large: ab. confluens Bgff. (Vol. 2, p. 442), the red abdominal confluens [ s 
belt of the Co generally does not meet on the back. Here we must place ab. tricingulata Bgff. mentioned in 
Vol. 2, p. 22. The specimens of veronicae illustrated come from Ludwigshafen. Larvae of veronicae are found 
on damp, chalky marshy meadows feeding on Peucedanum cervaria and Libanotis montana. 
Note: The form of genistae H.-Schaff. mentioned, in Vol. 2, p. 22 is a very uncertain cynarae form, which according 
to various authors occurs in Siberia, the South Tyrol and the Riviera. The specimens illustrated in A ol. 2 on plate 5 d that 
appear to correspond with the diagnosis have no defined locality; genistae H.-Schaff. was therefore deemed synonymous with 
cynarae. 
