THAUMETOPOEA. By M. Gaede. 
107 
6. Family: Thaumetopoeidae. 
Genus: Tliauiuetopoea Hbn. 
T. bonjeani Oberth. (9 a). In colouration the $ is very similar to solitaria (Vol. 2, pi. 23 c) but is much bonjeani. 
more faintly marked on forewings. The inner line is slightly angulated at median nervure; at disco-cellular 
there is a diffuse streak. The outer line is faintly double, slightly less indistinct at costa, the outer edge slightly 
undulate. Hindwings white, somewhat darkened at base, no anal spot. Azrou (Algeria). — The larvae live 
gregariously on Cedrus atlantica, their hairs not being poisonous. As the solitaria larvae live singly, as the 
name indicates, bonjeani cannot be identical with same inspite of the great similarity. 
T. wilkinsoni Tams (9 a) is somewhat like solitaria Frr. in the arrangement of the lines. Forewings ivilkinsoni. 
of $ grey with narrow black transverse lines. Basal line projecting in a point inwards at lower wall of cell, 
then vertically to inner margin. The inner line is somewhat distended at inner margin and inclining outwards, 
at costa it is considerably distended and diffuse. Disco-cellular with black angle. The outer line fine and dentate, 
forming an angle at lower median nervure, then turning inwards and incurved below submedian nervure. Hind- 
wings white, margin narrowly darker, a dark brown spot below submedian nervure. $ similar but browner, 
the lines less distinct. 33—45 mm. Cyprus. 
T. pityocampa Schiff. (Vol. 2, p. 144, pi. 21 k). Among typical specimens in the Tessin, one sometimes 
finds the very dark form obscura Vorbr. (9 a), in which also the hindwings are blackish. — In the South Tyrol obscura. 
the species is very variable, both in form and in the development of the lines. Two forms from there have 
been denominated: convergens Dhl. both lines of forewing converge at inner margin, forming a dark spot, convergens. 
— In the $ the transverse lines are normally already fainter than in d, renegata DM. denotes specimens where renegata. 
they are quite absent. — From an illustration of insignipennis Strd. (9 a) by Reisser it is evident that in 
same the inner line of forewings is distended at costa and inner margin, just as in wilkinsoni Tams, also the 
outer line does not differ much from same. On hindwings however the black spot is missing. A new locality 
for it is the Sierra d’Alfacar. — Besides this pale form a very dark form occurs at the same spot: bicolor bicolor. 
Reisser (9 a). The 3 transverse lines are still just distinguishable, similarly the pale surround to reniform 
stigma and the pale undulate line. Transitions also occur in Corsica. They differ from nigra Bang-Haas by 
the white hindwings with black anal spot. The examination of the genitalia by Zebny has established the 
dissimilitude of wilkinsoni and insignipennis. 
T. processionea L. (Vol. 2, p. 143, pi. 21 k). A $ with somewhat paler ground colour and diffuse mark¬ 
ings, having the appearance of a $ is named seiffersi Gloss. seiffersi. 
T. herculanea Rmb. (Vol. 2, p. 144, pi. 23 c). The races described as follows belong to the race colossa 
Bang-Haas (Vol. 2, pi. 23 d) in consequence of their considerable size, phosphatiphila Dumont is just slightly phosphati- 
daiker than the letter. Forewings pure white with ochreous brown lines and black veins. The inner line, ex¬ 
tending from upper wall of cell is bent. The outer line (apparently not a double line as in other forms) slightly 
curved at subcostal nervures, rising somewhat upwards at upper median nervure and obliquely to inner margin. 
Beyond same a narrow white band, slightly distended at its extremities. Outer margin dark. Hindwings white. 
The $ is similar but somewhat darker. 35—42 mm. Tunis. — carneades Trti. (9 a) has silky white forevings carneades. 
with double inner and outer lines; the inner one is filled with a few slightly less dark scales. The central spot 
is also distinct and the fringes distinctly darkly spotted. Hindwings pure white, devoid of markings. The body 
is less dark than in colossa. $ 35 mm. Benghasi. — lustrata Trti. from Derna is a sub-form to same. Ground lustrata. 
colour of wings is pure white. The dark brown marking is purer and less diffuse. Also of this form only the $ 
is known. Perhaps same is synonymous with phosphatiphila. 
