RHYNCHOLABA; RHAGASTIS; CECHENENA. By B. Gehlen. 
155 
row of yellowish or white clot ocelli. Horn thin and straight, black. Ocelli large, roundish; those on 4th and 
5th segments with dark pupils. Pupation in the earth just below the surface in a spun puparium (not a network 
puparium as the other species and thus forming an exception). — Pupa is not unicolourous: thorax and sheaths 
of limbs dull greenish brown, sheaths of legs and wing cases dotted grey-black. Tergite pale reddish brown, 
posteriorly darker deep brown, sternite impure buff. Sheath of proboscis clumsy, frontally and ventrally arched 
1,2—1,5 mm. Cremaster conical tapering off, with a black glossy horn at tip which is bifurcated, the tips 
standing out obliquely. — Hibernated specimens from S. China and also those bred in Berlin, have according 
to Mell an inclination to olive colouration on forewings. The dark oblique band is not distinctly outlined 
inwardly in its costal part, the abdominal lateral stripes and the pale lines of the tegulae are pure golden (= f. 
Olivacens Mell.). olivaeens. 
T. silhetensis Wkr. (Vol. 2, p. 259 and Vol. 10, p. 567) from Java to Japan. Similar to oldenlandiae , silhetensis. 
but there is only a single white dorsal line on abdomen. On upperside of forewings a brown oblique band ana¬ 
logous to that of oldenlandiae-, line 4 more distinct; space between lines 3 and 4 somewhat silvery, between 
4 and 5 not silvery and wide, line 5 heavier than line 6. — Larva is green or earthy grey to black-grey, 
it has 7 small longish pupilled ocelli, of which the middle ones are generally larger than the 1st and last pairs. 
The horn is only 3 to 4 mm long, straight or slightly bent, yellow-red to deep brown, end half grey-black, 
tip pale. Pupation takes place in the groove of the stem of a leaf or in the tip of a leaf; Mell presumes 
that if the food plant had not been placed in water, the pupation would have taken place in the earth. 
Pupa earthy brown, sleek, smooth; sheath of proboscis projects more longitudinally than transversely. Cre¬ 
master short with simple grey-black tip of abt 1 mm length. 
37. Genus: Rhyncholaba R. & J. 
R. acteus Gr. is dealt with in Vol. 10 (p. 568) and illustrated there on pi. 68 d, as the species had hitherto acteus. 
not been known to occur on palaearctic territory. It occurs however ip Szechuan, China and presumably 
forms a subspecies there in which the markings of the underside are much more distinct and black. So far 
insufficient material is available to decide this question. — Ova pale green. Larva tapers off considerably from 4th 
segment to head. It has 7 obliquely situate ocelli, of which the 1st is much enlarged, having a double edge. 
Colour of body is green, more rarely brown with green ocelli. Horn short 2—3 mm, brick-red and convex. 
True legs somewhat paler red. Food plants are Araceae and Vitaceae. The pupa is remarkable as it is the 
only one of the Sphingidae semanophorae that has a handle shaped tongue case; it forms a bold arch to the 
breast, where it ends in a small groove. Colour is yellowish grey, darker dorsally. Cremaster widely flat like 
a drake’s bill, flatly hollowed out underneath, terminating in 2 widely separated short bristles, of which 
there are also some laterally. 
38. Genus : Itliagastis R. & J. 
R. mongoliana Btlr. (Vol. 2, p. 259, pi. 42 f and Vol. 10, p. 568). Dr. Jordan indicates (in Vol. 2) mongolia- 
that the larva had been observed on Balsamina; according to Mell his collectors also found same on knot¬ 
grass (apparently Polygonum aviculare L.). — The pupa is brown mixed with grey, reminding one in shape 
and colouration of japonica. Sheath of proboscis scarcely projecting frontally and ventrally. Cremaster ter¬ 
minating in 2 black glossy spikes of barely 1 mm length, which are bifurcated at tip and hooked. — In 
S. China mongoliana forms the subspecies pallicosta Mell with pale costal margin to forewings (Vol. 10, p. 568). 
R. albomarginatus Rothsch. hitherto known from Sikkim and Assam and dealt with in Vol. 10 (pi. 47 e), 
forms in China the subsp. dicfxroae Mell (Vol. 10, p. 569). It not only occurs in the south of China, but dichroae. 
has also been discovered on palaearctic territory near Shanghai (Mokan-Shan) by Hone. The subspecies is 
smaller than the main type form, more inclined to olive and almost without brown on wings and thorax; 
the coppery golden brown is paler and yellowish brown. Stigma on the wings less distinct, sometimes almost 
entirely extinct on forewings. Also the genitalia differ. — Ova greenish white, up to 5 ova on one shrub 
(of Dichroa febrifuga Lour). Larva pale leaf green, laterally darker than dorsally. Subdorsal line indistinct 
from 1st segment to ocellus, edged on upperside by darker green. Seven 1,5—2 mm wide oblique stripes. Horn 
barely of medium length, clumsy, angulated like a knee above the base and thickest at the bend, tip stumpy. 
Pupa with earthy coloured abdominal tergites; thorax, clypeus, base of tongue sheath and wing cases tinged 
with black. At dorsal base of cremaster there are two steelly blue glossy spikes. 
39. Genus: Ceclienena R. & J. 
C. minor Btlr. (Vol. 2, p. 260, pi. 42 d and Vol. 10, p. 570). Ova yellowish, slightly glossy. Larva up minor. 
to the last moult green, then at thoracic end (also ventrally) dark earthy grey-brown, posteriorly only the 
