hippothy- 
mali. 
tenevifana. 
selmonsi. 
paranicaea. 
clpomali 
dannen- 
bergi. 
160 HYBRIDS OF SPHINGIDAE. By B. Gehlen. 
green scalings. The white anal spot is absent. Submarginal band grey-black, outwardly very diffuse and chang¬ 
ing into violet-red. 
C. hybr. hippothymali Vlacli (G. hippophaes Esp. X C. euph. tithymali Bsd. $). Antennae "white with 
olive-green. Abdomen similar to hippophaes, but the lateral abdominal spots remind one of euphorbiae. On fore¬ 
wings costal zone is like that of gallii, but posteriorly to same it is more widely shaded, so that the somewhat 
dusky central area appears narrower. Oblique band like that of hippophaes, intersected by some of the pale 
veins. Band of hindwings of deep rose without paler patches. Black band very wide, outer marginal stripe very 
narrow. Anal spot pure white. 
C. hybr. tenerifana Fischer (13 d) (6'. lineata livornica Esp. <$ X C. euphorbiae tithymali Bsd. $). In 
this hybrid the livornica characteristics are much more predominant than is the case in the nearly related hybr. 
livorneuphorbiae Wolter (livornica $ X euph. euphorbiae $). The chief difference between the two is that in 
tenerifana the pale veins are almost as definitely pronounced on forewings as in livornica, whilst in livorneuphorbiae 
they are considerably suppressed. Also the body is quite like livornica. Antennae show a white club on upperside, 
but the shaft is not as dark as in livornica. On forewings the oblique band is not so straight as in livor¬ 
nica. but somewhat bent outwards in centre and before the hind margin it bends slightly undulating to¬ 
wards same. The pale ground colour is faintly dusted with blackish. Hindwings about midway between the 
parent forms. 
C. hybr. selnionsi Fischer ( C. euph. tithymali Bsd. $ x C. gallii Rott. $). Very close to hybr. Jcinder- 
vateri Kys. as was only to be expected. A few differences should be mentioned. Body dark olive-green, not 
varying materially from parents. Central area of forewings narrower than in kindervateri. Basal spot is almost 
always sharply rectangular; between same and the large costal spot an almost black streak arises in the ground 
colour extending towards the latter. This is scarcely indicated in kindervateri. The oblique band is clearly inter¬ 
sected towards the centre by 2—3 veins and ends in a short arc on hind margin. The dark red central band 
of hindwings extends almost to costa and is faintly lighter only at its anterior extremity. Underside as gallii, 
but the pale central area of all wings appears reddish buff and the blackish anal patch is almost completely 
extinct. 
C. hybr. paranicaea Fischer (C. nicaea Prun. £ x G. euphorbiae L. §) closely resembles nicaea. Wing 
expanse of 75—82 mm. Ground colour of upperside including antennae and legs faintly reddish. Fore- 
wings more or less dusted with blackish. In some specimens markings of forewings appear cloudy, which in 
extreme cases tends towards actual melanism. Oblique band is wider in its anterior part than in nicaea and 
bends inwards in a flat curve towards the hind margin. Basal and costal spots are always w r ell marked, costal 
margin is slightly dusky, outer marginal area dark olive-grey. On hindwings the black basal spot and band 
are wide, the latter merges somewhat inwards in the variable red and is almost always accompanied by an 
olive-green shade. Anal spot partially pure white, partially dull reddish. Underside always red. Fore wings 
with dark central streak and a median and postmedian undulate line. 
P. hybr. elpomali Muhr (P . elpenor L. q X G. euphorbiae tithymali Bsd. $) is less variable than the 
nearly related pernoldi and considerably more dusky. Body olive-green, head and thorax suffused with deli¬ 
cate rose, in the original description it says “patagia with white hairs”, but it must be presumed that this 
only applies to the edges. Abdomen laterally rose, the anterior black lateral mark bold, the posterior one only 
indicated. Legs and antennae white on top. Costal margin of forewings widely olive-green to base and some¬ 
times conjoining with central band, so that the central rose-coloured area is extinct. Apex of wings and marginal 
area rose (sometimes duskily suffused), intersected daintily by the olive-green oblique band, which expands 
widely at hind margin and which has occasionally a dentate outer edge. The spot in the centre of the wing, as 
in tithymali, is more or less clearly marked, differing thereby from pernoldi. Hindwings similar to pernoldi. 
Submarginal band black. — The larvae are lemon-green with orange-red dorsal stripes, differing from those 
of pernoldi and having no resemblance to those of elpenor and showing practically no variation. 
C. hybr. danner.bergi Funz ( G. euphorbiae mauretanica Stgr. G, X G. gallii Rott. $) is the reciprocal 
cross to hybr. galitanica D.so. Only 5 $$ were brought through. They have an expanse of 55—69 mm. The 
hybrid has naturally a strong resemblance to galitanica, kindervateri and johni. Wing contour more closely 
resembles that of mauretanica, ground colour that of kindervateri. In central area a grey dusting expands from 
costa. The widely darkened costal zone and the apical expansion of the spot on the 2nd radialis are charac¬ 
teristic. Oblique band dark olive-green like the costa but paler than in kindervateri and with a reddish yellow 
hue, dusted with yellow on the median nervures, diffusing outwardly. Marginal area dark violet-grey and relati¬ 
vely narrow with dark atavistic line. Hindwings similar to galitanica and galiphorbiae with diffuse inner edge 
to the black submarginal band. Marginal area narrow, yellowish. Thorax olive-green, but paler than the costal 
zone and oblique band. Tegulae with sparse white hairs. Abdomen with pale olive-green dorsal stripe and white 
dorsal spots. One specimen has a 3rd pair of black-white lateral marks, though same are smaller. Antennae 
whitish. L nderside of wings almost uniformly yellowish, partially with salmon rose sheen and some indications 
of darker markings. 
