180 
HIRADONTA; HYPERAESCHRA. By M. Gaede. 
rothschildi. N. rothschildi IVHem. & South. Similar to dembowsJcii Oberth. (Vol. 2, p. 300, pi. 45 g). Forewings dark 
chocolate-brown with slight violet suffusion at base of costa. The inner and outer lines similarly as in 
dembowsJcii. The submarginal line formed of white incrassated scales at extremities of veins, no rusty brown 
sub marginal spots. Scaly tooth or lobe black, fringes blackish. Hindwings similar to dembowsJcii, fringes 
whitish, black at tips of veins, g 48 mm. Hokkaido. 
A. tti,tophus Esp. (Vol. 2, p. 301, pi. 46a). It should be added to the description of uniformis <$ 
Oberth., that according to a pair in the Pungeler collection, the dark submarginal line with its pale edge in 
the S can also be missing. In the $ the prediscal and postdiscal bands are very distinct and black with clear- 
cut white edges on averted sides; the postdiscal line extends from vein 6 to inner margin in an almost 
straight line without curvature and in regular dentations. On underside of hindwings the outer pale band 
sugitanii. with its dark edge is far further removed from central lunule than is the case in tritophus. _ sugitanii $ 
Mats, is possibly identical with uniformis Oberth., it varies however in size, 52 mm (instead of 45 mm in 
uniformis). Further on underside of hindwing the outer darker line touches the lunular mark, as in tritophus. 
N. dromedarius L. (Vol. 2, p. 299, pi. 46 a). The dark form analogous to tritophus-uniformis is named 
h ibemica. hibernica Garadja. Only the rusty brown marginal spots are retained. It can occur anywhere and not only 
in Ireland, as the name might indicate. — The $ of this species has produced 2 hybrids, with tritophus 
dubict. and ziczac dubia Tuit. = tritophus $ x dromedarius $, (14 d) denominated by Tutt without any descrip¬ 
tion. Before me is a pair of dubia ex the Pungeler collection. The rusty brown ground colour is much 
suppressed and it corresponds more to a pale grey tritophus, whilst the markings are clearer than in trito- 
phus. The submarginal brown spots, which are so pronounced in dromedarius are very small in dubia $ 
and almost absent in the $. The postdiscal line in dubia $ and $ begins and ends as pale as in dromedarius. 
newmani. newmani Tutt is the product of a cross of ziczac x dromedarius $. The form is relatively large. The 
striking apical mark of ziczac is present, but in slightly changed form, the transverse line of dromedarius 
is retained in same as a streak on costa. Hindwings of newmani are as dark as in dromedarius. _ A 3rd 
heinickei. hybrid lieioickef Hemmerling has resulted from a crossing of ziczac x tritophus 9 . It is also similar to 
ziczac with its red-brown colouration, the lunular mark and its submarginal extension. Besides this the trans¬ 
verse lines of tritophus are present. The basal and prediscal lines are dark and stand out clearly, costa is 
darker throughout its length. Besides there is a dark median band, which is not always distinct in tritophus 
and the outer dentate band, which is generally only faintly indicated in ziczac. Hindwings are pale with 
dark margin. 
21a. Genus: Hlradonta Mats. 
Antennae of A with long pectinations, the last one-third filiform. Palpi extending above frons. Thorax 
without crest of hair. On forewings vein 6 arises at upper angle of cell and 3 is closer to 2 than to 4. On 
hindwings veins 6 —[— 7 with short stalk. Abdomen extending one-third over hindwings. 
iakaonis. H. takaonis Mats. Similar to H. tenebrosa Moore (Vol. 10, p. 642, pi. 80 g). Body reddish brown, fore¬ 
wings dark brown, inner margin and apex as in tenebrosa. Inner and outer lines black', undulate, the latter 
very heavily dentate. The space between the two lines black at inner margin. Paler at outer margin be¬ 
tween veins 4 and 5. Hindwings dark grey-brown with paler median band, $ 46 mm. Tokio. 
21b. Genus: Hyperaeschra Btlr. 
Full details in regard to this Genus are given in Vol. 10, p. 642. 
H. tusa Swh. Dark grey. On forewings the basal area is much darker than the outer half. The 
intermediate line is densely black, from two-thirds of costa to vein 4, then incurved to submedian nervure 
and obliquely inwards to the tooth or lobe on inner margin, where it becomes very thick. In front of 
same on inner margin there is a black spot, in centre of wing an indistinct grey median band. Hindwings 
grey and devoid of markings. <J 48 mm. Japan. — The species is compared by the author to Hyper, basalis 
Mr. which is classified in the Genus Semidonta in Vol. 10, p. 643. Therefore possibly tusa is an older name 
for Sem. marumoms (= biloba Marl.) also from Japan and described in Vol. 10, p. 643. 
H. chi O. B.-Haas (14 e). Antennae of with very short pectinations, neuration more like that of 
the Genus Hyperaeschra than of Allcdonta Stgr., which might otherwise be a possibilitv. Thorax and fore¬ 
wings dark reddish brown, paler in the last third at the costa. The two transverse lines distinct dentate 
with pale edges on averted sides. At disco-cellular a heavy black streak and a wide bar between the two 
transveise lines below median nervure. Hindwings much paler brown. £ 42 mm. Pekino. 
