EPICHNOPTERIX. By Dr. E. Wehrli. 
221 
Head and body have darker hairs than the latter. It is easily distinguishable by the much darker, deep grey, 
robust and denser antennae. Although the wing expanse is smaller, the pectinations are considerably longer 
than those of vestalis, comparative proportion 4—5 : 6.5—7, measured by micrometer. The $ before me is 
dried and not really suitable for description. The head seems to be darker brown.—Casings very narrow, 
almost cylindrical, smooth, brownish; that of the £ 15 mm long, 2 mm wide, of the $ 12 mm long, 2—2.5 mm 
wide. It differs from that of nudella (14 k) by the smaller size, narrower shape of wings, paler whitish 
colour, shorter pectinations, comparative proportion 4 — 5 : 9 —10 and then before all else, by its biological 
characteristics : subvestalis flies earlier in the year, end of April to end of May, nudella however in June. 
The former emerges in the evening at sunset, nudella and balcanica however always in the early morning, as 
Rebel has ascertained of the latter in Bulgaria, and Dannehl for the former in the S. Tyrol (forenoon in 
the sunshine), Lobel for Carinthia; subvestalis inhabits the plains and steppes, nudella prefers slopes and sides 
of the mountains. 
21. Genus: Epichnopterix Hbn. 
A. The wings without reticulations ( Epichnopterix). 
E. pulla Esp. (= plumella Schiff. non descript.) (Vol. 2, p. 366, pi. 55 g). According to Vorbrodt and pulla. 
Klimesch occurs up to 2200 m altitude without any appreciable alteration in size, colouration or scaling, 
montanella Heyl. (Vol. 2, p. 366) (= montana Vorbr. [erratum]; riffelica Strd.) from Esterel, Alpes Maritimes montanella. 
is recorded both by Vorbrodt and Pungeler from the Riffelberg, .Zermatt, 14th May to 15th July up to 
2500 m, by Vorbrodt also from the Tessin. Larvae up to 2400 m altitude, mid July to early June on grass¬ 
es. The form strongly resembles the illustration of Psychidea graecella Milliere. Iconogr. II, pi. 77, fig. 8. - 
silesiaca G. Stdjs. (nec Woclce) (14 k). We are giving an illustration of the original specimen from the collection silesiaca. 
of Standfttss. It is characterised by Prof. Standfttss *) as '"a very enlarged mountain form of E. pulla Esp. 
of the plains, the larvae of which feed through 2 years and which as a constant race is worthy of denomin¬ 
ation”. I have in my possession 3 ex the collection of Standfuss and captured at Seefelclern near 
Reinerz, which is the main locality of the type, which he had denominated silesiaca. I make the measure¬ 
ment to be 14.5—15 mm, against the author's 15—18 mm and I do not consider them to be identical with 
pontbrillantella Brd. with which they are placed in a series. The latter have much more elongate and less 
rounded forewings and are further deeper and darker black. Date of flight is stated to be 28th Maj to 4th 
June. Large specimens of 14—14.5 mm expanse occasionally occur among pulla and Hofmann records same 
from Lahr and I myself have some from Ftirth, Nuremburg, also from Rohrseemoos near Kochel, S. Bavaria 
(Osthelder). — pontbrillantella Brd. (Vol. 2, p. 366, pi. 55 g) (14 k) also occurs in southern Switzerland in pontbrillan- 
many localities according to Vorbrodt, on bushy, dry meadows, in the morning from end of February to 
end of May. Larva up to 1500 m altitude on grasses. A number of authors hold same to be a genuine species, 
but I have a number of transition forms from the Tessin, which in part must be held to be pulla. — sibirica sibirica. 
subsp. nov. (15 b [cftype]). from Minussinsk (captured 20th June) of the same size and general appearance 
as pontbrillantella, but is less opaque, with prominent veins, dark grey, with rather more elongate wings 
and slightly shorter pectinations to antennae. M ing expanse 15.5 mm. 
E. sieboldi Reutti. (Vol. 2, p. 366, pi. 55 h) (15 a). According to the observations of de Rotjgement of sieboldi. 
$$ from the Laquintal in the Valais, this is a genuine species, as the <$<§ sieboldi were attracted in quan¬ 
tities, whilst no single pulla $ was attracted. Vorbrodt records same frequently from Switzerland and the 
Tessin. It is also known to occur in North and South Tyrol, Styria, Carinthia, Poland and Albania, fuithei 
I captured same at an altitude of abt. 1300 m in the Vosges (Hohneck on 21st May) in large numbers, t ai } 
ing slightly in size and shape of wings, expanse 11—14 mm. In Alsace it occurs at lower altitudes and below 
Basle on the Rhine it occurs at abt. 250 m altitude, the wings being 13 mm expanse. — voelkeri Trautm. vodkeri. 
According to Volker this appears on the wing at least a fortnight earlier than pulla and occurs by preference 
on warm chalky slopes with scant vegetation, where it flies between 9 11 a. m. 
E. tarnierella Brd. (Vol. 2, p. 365, pi. 55 g). According t o Traittmann this species occurs at Hanover, Bremen, tamiereUa. 
Brunswick and Ftirth, to Sand in the Dep. Indre, to de Joannis in Dep. Morbihan, to Constant in the 
Dep. Saone et Loire in central and west France. The form occurring in Holland and S. France probably 
occurs more frequently than is known and may have been overlooked on account of its smallness. It can 
be obtained in localities where Holcus mollis grows, by sweeping with a sweeping net. 
B. The wings of these minute moths are reticulated. (Whittleia Tutt). 
E. undulella Fisch.-Rds. (Vol. 2, p. 366, pi. 55 h). This was discovered by Gelin at Deux-Sevre, Marais unduldla 
d'Amure in W. France on 14th May 1914. — schwingenschussi Rbl. (15 a cotype) is a somewhat smaller form •'< 
with more elongate wings and darker, coarser reticulations. It occurs at Marchfeld in Lovei Austria, it ie._ on 
the steppes there in April and is a genuine local race. 
*) Int. Ent. Zeitschrift Gub. 8, p. 144. 
