THE ISLAND OF HALT. 
125 
lusts and Bramins lived together in Java on peaceful 
terms, and the worship of either became not indeed blend¬ 
ed, but augmented and modified by the dogmas of the 
other. We have noticed this already on an earlier occa¬ 
sion when viewing the ruins of Pram ban an and Boro Bodo; 
in the course of this report more distinct proofs will be given 
of this hypothesis in different places. The Kawi-works are 
written partly by Sivaites, partly by Budliists; both use the 
same dialect, and the works of both are held in high regard 
by the people, though the Siva-Brahmins appear to enter¬ 
tain a predilection for the genuine Sivaitish works. 
Those friendly relations appear to be one of the chief 
causes of the existence of the Kawi language. The intro¬ 
duction of a foreign language was not practicable on account 
of the Budhists, still the necessity was felt of augmenting 
the dialect of the country in order to express, in the 
tracts written for the people, ideas relating to worship and 
science, for which no terms were then existing. In this 
way the people became accustomed to a number of Sanskrit 
words employed by their instructors in religion, and by 
gradually introducing more and more foreign words, a dis - 
tinct language was formed, destined exclusively for scriptures 
and teaching. This language could not of course adopt the 
inflexion of the Sanskrit, for, in order to understand it, the 
people ought to have been made acquainted with the entire 
Sanskrit grammar, which would have been too troublesome 
with a nation like the Javanese to acquire, and moreover the 
imparting of it was not for the interest of the priests, whose 
secret writings, containing unadulterated Sanskrit forms, 
remained unintelligible for the rest of the people. 
The Budhists forming the Kawi without introduction 
of words from the Prakrit, seems also to prove that 
their secret writings were contained in the Sanskrit. In 
Ceylon and the further part of the Indian peninsula the 
books of the Budhists were composed in Pali (a dialect 
of the Prakrit); but in China and Tibet in Sanskrit; the 
promulgation took place earlier in the northern parts than in 
those towards the south, and for that reason the books were 
still written in the ancient sacred language of all India. If, 
therefore the Budhists brought their books to Java composed 
in the Sanskrit dialect, their introduction must have been 
comparatively of an old date. It has been observed already 
that this newly formed dialect was chiefly intended for the 
converts of the nation, whilst the priests preserved in the 
Sanskrit the books on worship used by them alone (the 
