THE BATTAS OF MANDHELTNO AND PERTIBI. 372 
4th.— Paktntan , having as dis¬ 
tricts : 
a. Pakantan- 
Lomba , 8 kamp. 474 
b . Kotta Bukit, 1 „ 317 
-9 „ 791 
These 2 divisions contain together 
about 9 square miles. 
5th .—Ankola * 69 square miles, 
having as districts : 
a . Ankola mudik,l& kamp. 719 
b . Ankola Jai, 24 „ 638 
€. Sipirok, 26 „ 916 
-65 „ 2,273 „_ 
Total 197 „ 11,112 
Considering that our data here are somewhat more 
exact than in P.“rtibi, and th t many slaves live separately 
as pangiungcLingiy a family cannot be estimated at more 
than five souls, so that the population may be reckoned as 
55,090 or at the utmost 60,000 souls. The greatest aggre¬ 
gation has naturally taken place where cultivation could 
best develope itself. We find also in proportion to the 
surface, the largest and most densely populated kampongs 
in great Mandhelintr, such as three which have 300 to 400 
and a number having 100 families. 
The oval valley which terms the most important part of 
the country is enclosed on the west side by the hilly region 
of the Merapi, and on the east by that of the Malea,f and may 
be about 5 or 6 leagues in length and somewhat less in 
breadth. Its whole form, as well as the constant layer of 
flints and pebbles which we find below the upper soil, coun¬ 
tenance the conjecture that the Batang Gfedis formerly formed 
a great lake here, and not till a later date forced for itself an 
outlet to the west coast. Putting aside the sawas which 
constitute the real riches, and the extended fields adapted for 
the breeding of cattle, the soil can only be considered favora¬ 
ble to a few products. The temperature is here peculiarly 
regular. By day it seldom rises above 25°; at night it sel¬ 
dom descends below 18° of Reaumur. When the atmosphere 
is clouded we have at mid-day commonly not more than 20*. 
About the equinox strong winds prevail; although generally 
* The name of a town on the Malabar Coast Ed, 
t Gunong Male or Malea. See p, 36b ante. Ed, 
