486 A TRANSLATION OP THE KEDDA ANNALS. 
NOTES. 
[18] Sheikh Abdulla arrived in Kedda in the year of the Higra. 
879 or of A. D. 1501. There were seven chiefs including the first 
who had governed before his advent, besides an interiegnum of 
7 years, and one of these chiefs is not named. Allowing to each 
thirty years, which I think are not too many with advertence to the 
average of life of Malayan princes generally, and to the fact that 
the period of each successive Raja after Islamism was introduced 
and when Kedda was subject to invasions and wars averaged 
twenty-eight years. Thus we shall have the year of Christ 1284 
as the date when Marong Mahawangsa reached Kedda from India, 
and most probably, from the remains I have found, from Kalinga. 
The Kedda Raja who first went to Malacca to get the noubuts or 
drums of ceremony from Sultan Mahomed is not named in the 
Malayan annals. This was about perhaps A. D, 1540. The 
religion of Islam was finally supreme in Kedda on the arrival of 
Johan Palawan A. D. 1535. 
The following are the conclusions which I think necessarily fol¬ 
low an analysis of the Marong Mahawangsa : 
Firstly—Kedda or Srai was densely peopled long before the 
arrival of the Indian colony, and either by the Siamese, or some 
other cognate race, but most probably by the former, but that 
this country was only inhabited by wandering tribes when Ligor 
was first conquered by Siam about A. D. 700 to 800, and had 
not then been formed into a province, but existed under chiefs. 
In any case Kedda could hardly fail when it became originally 
peopled to come under the direct government either of Ligor first 
perhaps, and then of Siam, 
Secondly—That the colonists or rather strangers were not con¬ 
querors, but were permitted on their special solicitation by the 
aborigines or Siamese of Ligor to form a settlement, and that, 
probably owing to their superior civilization, the chief of the co¬ 
lonists was selected to govern the whole by the paramount power 
in the N, E. 
Thirdly—That the account of the ambassadors from Rum is a 
fiction with reference to Kedda, but may have been in part true 
with respect to some other country. 
Fourthly—That the original Hindu settlers were few, but that 
they afterwards received accessions from Kalinga in India, and 
were mixed up latterly with the Siamese and Malayan races. 
Fifthly—That these colonists were idolaters, and chiefly if not 
wholly, worshippers of Siwa. 
Sixthly—That the assumption of a grandson of Marong Maha¬ 
wangsa having given a king to Siam is a Malayan and Islamitie 
political fiction. But that the statement itself would lead us 
strongly infer, that Kedda was a Siamese province when that young 
prince set out towards (it is stated) the North N. West. But that 
