TIIE LANGUAGES OF TIIE INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO, 233 
t 
Mai. The common Mai. t ^ is the same as the English one. The other 
t, Ja of the Arabic alphabet, is analogous to the cerebral or lingual t of the 
Devanagri, Jav, (I) dental t—stronger than the common Malay, t (2) palatal 
t, approximates to the cerebral t of the Malay - Arabic alphabet, may be de» 
noted by adding the palatal sign. Bat, Bug. But . Ende same as the Ma!, 
dental t. 
d 
Mai, (l) d dental common English d; (2) d palatal £ has no existence out 
of the alphabet Jav, (1) d dental, this is a little harder than the Mai. <1, and 
pronounced as if overcoming a slight impediment, which is sometimes so 
marked as to give it the compound sound of Id; (2) d palatal, add the palatal 
mark. Bat. Bug. But. Ende d dental, 
n 
Mai. same as English. Jav , naso—-palatal, and less nasal than the Malay, 
Bat. Bug, But, Ende same as Malay, 
1 
Mai. same as English. Jav. stronger and more forcible than JVfal. ZJetf. 
Bug, But. Ende same as Malay, 
S 
Mai. The common Malay s is like the Eng. The l *- 5 sa of the 
alphabet is a hissing th which is never heard, The sad of the alphabet 
is a hard hollow s which is never heard, save when a Malay attempts to 
imitate the Arab pronunciation. Bat. Bug. But, Ende as Mai. 
sh 
This does not occur in Jem., Bug. or Bat,. 
Z 
Mai. zi. this is the soft z. & zal hard dental z, seldom heard, and only in 
Arabian words. Bat. Jav, Bug. But. Ende wanting. 
P 
Mai. same as Eng, Jav. hard and strong. Bat. Bug* But , Ende as Mat. 
b 
Mai, same as Eng. Jav , stronger andjnore sonant, Bat, Bug. But. Ende* 
same as Mai. 
W 
Mai. like Eng. Jav, broader and more forcible. Bug. Bat, See. like Mai, 
»y 
The nya (Marsden’s nia) of the Mai., the nyo of the Jav. and nya of th© 
Bugis and Bata alphabet, is a compound sound which is correctly represented 
by ny. Mr Marsden’s method is vicious, because in it the i is separated 
from the a as in niatno, the correct indication of the pronunciation is nya 
mo . Mr Marsden is compelled to use the y in such words aSj anyir, 
f, v, m. 
Same a9 Eng, 
