242 THE LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE OF 
genealogies of kings, of Karang-Asem , for instance. Res¬ 
pecting the division of the viceregencies amongst the Punga - 
was , this work widely differs from the Usana Jawa , and its 
value and style are far inferior to those of the latter. It is also 
written in prose. Other Babad's are found in the family of 
every prince ; if it were possible to gather the greater part of 
them from the different states, they certainly would spread 
much light on the history of Bali if carefully compared with 
each other. 
Tutur’s or doctrinal 
writings. 
These are divided into two classes, the secret writings of the 
priests, and such as are also current among the other casts 
especially the second and third. The former are extremely 
numerous, but since they are kept secret* we can only men¬ 
tion the names of a limited number of them. They seem to 
foe written, like the Veda's, in klokas. The names I obtained, 
are the following : 
1, Buwana tiangksepa (the shortening or contraction of 
the world or of men.*) 
Buwana Kosa (the treasure of the world.) 
Wrehaspati T&t/wa (the Tatwa, truth, the essence of 
tVrehuspati , the star Jupiter, teacher of the gods.) 
4^ S arasa Muschaya (sdrasa is explained by isi, the con¬ 
tents ; it is however probably sdrasa the lotus, muschaya is not 
very clear, but is explained by kumpulan, (< accumulation** 
“ gathering’*; this is one of the works enumerated by Craw* 
jurd.) 
5, Tatwa Jnyana (knowledge of substance, essentia.) 
0, Kandampat. 
7, Sajotkrami. 
8, Tutur Kamolcsa (vid. infra). Under this denomina¬ 
tion exist numerous works; it means, ^instruction for bles¬ 
sedness, or for the delivery from the transmigration of the 
The second class of the Tutur's, current also among the 
other castes besides the Brahmins, are for instance, 
2, Rajaniti (wisdom of kings), in contains rules for the 
* Agama is explained by Wilson, Skt. Diet. 41 a Sastra or work on sacred 
science and of divine origin.” In the Malayan and common Balinese language 
St signifies religion ; in the names Agama , Adigama, Devagama, it has evident¬ 
ly more the Indian meaning, and especially that of law book. Adigama seems 
to have originated in Adhi and Agama, with, the omission of the first a of 
agama, a carelessness which is frequently met with among the Skt. words in 
the Kawi exist 8%mtamajiarva for Asvattamaparva. The a in Polynesian 
words U an euphonic prefix, which was then omitted in the Skt, word* likewiie. 
