2/8 THE MANNERS AND CUSTOMS OF THE MALAYS. 
entirely disengaged, as on a journey, the sarong is gathered up 
and folded round the waist. It also enables the Malay to 
bathe so as to perform his ablutions effectually without any 
exposure of the person. A dry sarong is then thrown over 
the wet one which is dexterously slipt off without coming in 
contact with the other. The sarong is thus the most con¬ 
venient and convertible of all garments, forming, as occa¬ 
sion may require, dressing, bathing, or sleeping gown, kilt, 
plaid, shawl, girdle, and, as will appear, headdress. 
A general but not an essential article of dress is the bang - 
hong , a waist cloth or sash of cotton or silk, from 9 to 14 
feet long, which is folded round the waist, the ends being 
concealed. 
The head dress is a justar or kerchief about two feet to 
four feet broad, which is folded as a small turban. In front 
above the brow it is folded neatly so as to have the appear- 
anceof afillet, the ends crossing and being adjusted and fastened 
be hind. One end is commonly left loose and lying over the 
crown of the head. In the palmy days of Malacca and Johore 
the same attention was probably given to the manner of 
wearing the kerchief which it still receives at some exis¬ 
ting Malay courts, such as that of Sia’. Few Malays in Ma¬ 
lacca and Singapore are now acquainted with these fashions, 
and it would perhaps be difficult to fin Malays, not im. 
mediate followers of the families of the Sultan and Ta- 
manggong, who could explain tlieir names, The pangli- 
ma’s mode is called blla mumbang junta Icrah , and is ge - 
nerally used by the Tamanggong Two corners are freed 
from the folds ; one is brought forward and concealed bet¬ 
ween the fillet and the brow, and the other is made to pro¬ 
ject like a horn or tuft' When both horns are concealed 
it is called klovysong bunga which is Tuanku Alli’s favor¬ 
ite mode. The gulony gua has a single corner introduced 
between the fold and the forehead, and pulled down an inch 
or two over the brow. The gitong ptdeh has the loose end 
neatly arranged so as to cover the head like a rumpled cloth 
cap. 1 he lang minyongsong angin has two projecting tufts 
and one of the ends hanging down behind towards one 
shoulder. The dayanq pul ng pangil is the gitong pideh 
reversed so that the fillet is behind. All these modes require 
the kerchief to be starched, or rather stiffened with kanji, 
to give them full effect. The scull cap, kopia or songho , is 
worn by some. The thick and stiff varieties are kopia 
Arab or aljia of silk, h. S urati of cotton, h . Bataivi of gold 
thread, h. Bilabas with alternate stripes of different colours, 
