TOUR FROM SOURABAYA, THROUGH KEDIRI, &C. 251 
that Sanscrit origins may be traced for Blitar and the two 
adjoining divisions of Ludogo and Senggoro, in the absence 
of any Javanese meaning attaching to the words. Bala and 
its derivative Bali imply might, ability, courage, power. 
Bali was also a virtuous sovereign of Mahabelipura, who 
was tricked out of the dominion he had obtained over earth 
and heavens, by Vishnu; yet in consequence of his great 
merit, he was left in the sovereignty of Patala or the infernal 
regions. Itara signifies other, different, and Bala or Bali- 
itara, contracted into Balitar—or Blitar would imply “another 
dominion, 5 ’ which would be an appropriate name for the new 
settlement of adventurers who bad failed in obtaining power 
in their own country or who having, in the vicissitudes of 
human affairs, been ejected from their rightful patrimony, 
would willingly compare their lot to that of a distinguished 
personage of their fabulous history. Luddaka is a hunter 
from Lubdhaka ; by changing the final aud constructive ka 
into ya } we should have a noun signifying a “ hunting place/* 
which may have always been an appropriate name for the 
country between the Kali Ngujang and the south sea, as 
being badly supplied with water from the low calcareous 
rocks of the south coast, it could never be brought into the 
same state of high cultivation as the lands of Blitar on the 
opposite side of the river, enjoying a copious supply from 
the lofty volcanoes of Kawi and Klut, and may have thus 
always afforded the means of enjoying the pleasures of the 
chase. Senggoro may have its origin in Sangaram or San- 
garama (the final m and ma are constructive) meaning a field 
of battle. Though I never heard of even a tradition which 
mentions any particular battle as fought here, still the sup¬ 
position is not wholly devoid of probability, as it is just in 
this part of the country, that traces exist of a brick wall, 
built from the flanks of the Kawi and terminating at the 
south sea after a course of upwards 20 miles„ Such walls 
are not built till after frequent invasions and battles have 
suggested their necessity. This wall is known to the Java¬ 
nese by the name of Botololo implying “ brick and mortar. 5 * 
Its foundations are said to be still visible in many places, 
but our route did not lay across its course. It may have 
served as a barrier between two states, the capital of one of 
which may have been Blitar and of the other Singo Sari. 
Supposing the lords of Blitar to have had a direct com¬ 
munication with the continent of India, and the neighbouring 
state of Singo Sari either a rival or inimical, that intercourse 
must have been maintained by means of the ports of the 
M m 
