635 
THE PIRACY .AND SLAVE TRADE 
Malay race ; there is, at least, a great differance between an Orang 
Malayu and a haycit. The language is, with trifling exceptions, 
the same, it is in the character of these two people that the princi¬ 
pal diffeience is found. Ibis fact may be explained by saying that 
this arises from the Orang Malayu having attained a higher degree 
of civilization y and it is not for me to contradict this explanation. 
Those Rayats in tlieir expeditions are obedient to the orders of a 
chief who takes the title of panglima, and who is ordinarily of 
Malay origin The two head chiefs, at Mapar and at Bulang, 
have been able to. attach the Panglimas to their interests, by 
furnishing them with boats, munitions of war and provisions • 
receiving their share of the booty made in the expedition. 
It may be confidently concluded from the preceding that, to 
put an end to piracy, Panghulu Hamba Rajah and Rajah Lang 
must be peisuaded to encourage their subjects to change their 
brigand hfe. for more peaceful pursuits, the Ashing of agar 
agar, of tripang, of turtle—agriculture and the arts attached 
to it. 
. “ Tho repression of piracy will long continue a very difficult task 
m these parts. I do not think, at present, that we can dream of 
extirpating it entirely. The people are attached to it as to an 
industry which they have inherited from their ancestors; so that 
it is impossible to convince them that it is criminal to addict 
lemse ves to it. The Orang Laut for a long time have found their 
livelihood and their profit in sweeping the sea s they live on the 
water from preference. J 
“I, . have tim f represented to Panghulu Hamba Rajah 
at Rhio as at Mapar, that the Dutch government earnestly desires 
that on his part as chief of the Orang Laut, he would do all that he 
can to make them forsake this odious trade. I have reminded him 
of the punishment which will overtake him and his followers if 
they do not fulfil the promises they have solemnly sworn to : and 
in the other case of the protection and assistance upon which he 
could reckon. I have told him that the patience and forbearance 
of the government is at an end, and that although he appears to 
turn a deaf ear to any warning, rigorous measures are to be taken 
SUbjeCtS ° f his Panghulu Hamba 
Rajah has assured me, m presence of Tunku Said Mahomad Zein 
viceroy oi Rliio, whose zeal for the good cause I cannot sufficiently 
praise, and of Ibrahim, the Selawatang of Linga, that he molt 
eet tainly proposes to turn tlie Orang Laut from piracy, and to 
engage them to chuse occupations productive of benefit to all.” 
iVlr Angeibeek advocated the re-establishment of the fishing of 
agar-agar mid of tripang, which the orang laut had for sometime 
of en t ? ursue t’ subject t0 a s y stem of check8 b r means 
n P as ‘I s &c. as the only means by which the propensity of the 
& Laut eoul , d ^ repressed, shorfof their total extirpation. A 
treaty was concluded with Panghulu Hamba Rajah containing 
