45Sr 
‘THE B1NUA OF JOHORE, 
• ¥ 
together weaving mats and each with a roko in her mouth. When 
speaking it is transfered to the perforation in the ear. When they 
were met paddling their canoes, the roko was seldom wanting. The 
Mintira women are also much addicted to tobacco, but they do not 
smoke it. The means of obtaining a light are so simple that there 
is no occasion to carry fire on their journeys. On my way from 
Pinfe to the Lingiu my two guides asked me to allow them to go 
to a small deserted tdban hut near the path for a little. As their ab¬ 
sence was prolonged beyond what was agreeable to me, for a heavy 
rain was falling, I went to the hut where I found them extended 
comfortably and smoking rokos, and it was with great difficulty that 
they could be induced to resume the journey. They had procured a 
light by making the end of a piece of dry stick rapidly revolve in a 
cavity made in another stick. 
The principal cottage is made in the ladang, or piece of ground 
that has been last cleared. This is usually at some distance from 
the bank of a river, to avoid the inundations which occur after heavy 
rains. Offerings are made, as by the Malays,- to the Jin Bilim on 
commencing to fell the forest. When a sufficient space has been 
opened, the trees are left for some months to dry. They are then 
burnt, and holes arc made with a stick in the ground, which is enriched 
by the wood ash, for the reception of plants and seeds brought from 
the old ladang. The cultivated plants found in almost every ladang 
are the klfedl (the principal substitute for the potatoe) the ubi Ben- 
gala, the ubi kayu, the water melon, and the sugar cane. Plan¬ 
tains occur frequently but not abundantly. Maize is not, so com¬ 
mon as with the Berinun tribes. The wild leaves used as vegetables 
by these tribes,—such as the lipii, Slung, chinarong, bayam, maman 
umut nibong, u. langkap, u. anow, u. rurnut u. clvaehdng, u. dam- 
pong u. noin, u. klassa, u. limpet, u. chdche, u. smambu, u. sirdang; 
daun p&ku, d. jilatang, d. tuba, d. kapaya, d. kaum, d. simomo, 
d. p&pijih, the roots of the gfwlong, gupul, bajon, klima, Unt&ng, 
tragel, dagon, tukil, kung, wu&n, woel, pumu, kapayang, &c.,— 
did not appear to be resorted to in Johore. In many ladangs tobacco 
is cultivated, and in a few I noticed some kinds of bean (kachang bung- 
ak &c.) In a considerable number of the ladangs a portion is set 
apart for the growth of rice. The dry or wet cultivations are resort¬ 
ed to according to the locality, hut the former is most general. Flow¬ 
ers are neglected. I only noticed a single instance of their cultiva¬ 
tion, and they are never worn in the hair. It must be remembered 
however that their dwellings are environed by one vast botanical gar- 
