27 4 
THE BINUA OF JOHORE, 
lation to flic Binuas is properly that of maintainer and regulator of the 
Malayan monopoly of their trade,—is denominated To Jinnang. The 
Binuas on the Batu Pahat and its branches are under the Bintara or 
Manki Pimanggun of Boko. The jurisdiction of the Malayan Pang- 
hulu of Batu Pahat extends to Ginting Batu on the eastern Sim- 
rong, but, since the water communication became obstructed, the 
To Jinnang of the Indau has engrossed the trade of the Johore 
portion of the Simrong. The Binut Binuas are under a Jokra 
or Jarokra and a Batin. Each Batin has absolute authority with¬ 
in his own jurisdiction, but he refers difficult or unusual cases to 
a council composed of all the Batins, excepting the Gnash'd; and 
matters in which all the Bmua are concerned appertain to the same 
council. Their deliberations are said to be sometimes very prolong¬ 
ed, particularly in affairs of novelty when their knowledge of the old 
hdddt does not afford them any precedents. Offences against pro¬ 
perty or person are, from the mildness of the people, of very rare 
occurrence. Crimes of all kinds may be expiated by the payment 
of tines,* which are invariably imposed, not in coins, of which very 
few reach their hands, but in coarse Chinese plates or saucers; 
(pingan). Adultery is punishable by a fine of from 10 to 20 pingan 
according to circumstances; theft the same ; murder, which however 
seems to be almost unknown, 60 pingan. One half of the fine goes 
to the Batin and the other half to the injured person. If the offen¬ 
der fail to deliver the pingan he becomes the slave of the latter. 
Complaints are enquired into by the Bdtin, who assembles a number 
of the elders and consults with them. The Batin is considered to be 
responsible for any property that is stolen. But he cannot convict 
the thief without confession or direct evidence of the theft. No re¬ 
gular tax is paid to the Batins. But presents are frequently made 
to them. On separation of husband and wife by mutual consent the 
goods which are enjoyed in common are divided into three parts of 
wiiich the husband takes two and the wife one. On the husband’s 
death one third of the estate goes to daughters and two thirds to sons. 
On the wife’s death the goods in common belong to the husband. If 
she happens to have a blukar it descends to the children, the fathe? 
being a usufructuary trustee during his life. 
Amongst the Mintira the distribution of property on the death of 
the husband is as follows: The goods which belonged to him before 
he marriage go to his parents and brothers and sisters. Those ac- 
* Such is also the DyaU system, and with them too the fines are very 
small* 
