SYNGENESIA. 137 
with three or five teeth/lopped. In some genera, the 
corolla in some of the species is wanting, as in artemisia 
and gnaphalium. 
Stamina. Filaments five, capillary, very short, inserted in 
the neck of the corollula. The anthene five, erect, linear, 
joined at the sides so as to form a hollow cylinder with 
five teeth, and as long as the border of the floret. 
Pistillum. Germen oblong, placed under the floret, upon 
the common receptacle. The style thread-shaped, erect, 
as long as the stamina, passing through the cylinder 
formed by the antherse. The stigma two parts, the parts 
rolled back, and expanding. 
PericArpium. Properly none, though in some genera there 
is a coreaceous or leathery crust over the seed, as in 
osteospermum and strumpjia. 
Semina. Single, oblong, often with four edges, generally 
narrower at the base, and are crowned either with a 
feather (pappus), or with the perianthium, or hath no 
crown ; if with a feather, it is either sitting, or placed on 
footstalks (stipes), consisting of many radii placed in a 
circle, which are either simple, radiate, or branching; if 
with a perianthium, it is small, permanent, with generally 
five teeth. 
Obs. Compound flowers are of the following sorts: 
1. Tubular monoclinian florets both in the disc and ray • 
2. Tubular monoclinians in the disc $ tubular females in, the ray. 
3. Tubular monoclinians in the disc ; tubular neutrals in the ray. 
4. Tubular monoclinians in the disc ; ligulated monoclinians in the ray * 
5. Tubular monoclinians in the disc ; ligulated females in the ray. 
Obs. The disposition of the secces varying, occasions the following distinctions: 
It is calleda tubular monoclinian floret, if stamina, and pistillum are both present; 
a tubular masculine floret , if furnished with stamina but no pistillum or stigma ; 
a tubular femenine floret , if a pistillum without stamina; and a tubular neuter flo¬ 
ret, if neither stamina nor pistillum. If the corolla of the floret is ligulate , then it 
is called a ligulate floret, and either monoclinian, masculine, feminine, or neuter , 
according to the foregoing distinctions.—-Besides the above description, compound 
flowers, from the difference of their structure, admit of further divisions, which 
gives rise to the orders. 
When all the florets are tubular , tliat is, consist of hollow, tubular, funnel-shaped 
petals, they are called flosculi, and the whole flower is called flos floscuius. This 
term seems opposed to radiate flowers, where the flowers of the radius differ in 
form from those of the disc. See the note to centaurea. 
T 
