S y N G E N E SIA. 
139 
N 0 ' Genera. 
Growth. 
N° of 
species. Native of 
Species in 
Britain. 
14 Lapsana 
h 
5 
Portugal 
Brit. 1 
f5 Leontodon* * * § 
h 
10 
Europe 
Brit. 4 
16 Picris 
h 
4 
Italy, France 
Brit. 2 
17 Prenanthes 
h 
19 
Japan, &c. 
Brit. 1 
18 Scorzonera 
h 
14 
Spain, &c. 
19 Sonchusf 
s &. h 
13 
Alps, Siberia / 
Brit. 4 
20 Tragopogon 
h 
14 
Virginia, E. Indies 
Brit. 2 
2d. Headed flowers, 
That is, connected on the summit of the footstalk into a knob'or head. 
21 Arctium:}; 
h 
3 
Europe 
Brit. 1 
22 Atractylis 
h 
8 
Italy, Mexico 
23 Barnadesia 
s 
1 
America 
24 Carduus ■» 
h 
38 
Syria, Virginia 
Brit. 11 
,25 Carlina 
h 
8 
Pyrenean 
Brit. 1 
26 Carthamus 
s & h 
10 
Crete, Egypt 
27 Cnicus§* 
h 
9 
Europe, Spain 
28 Cynaraj| 
h 
4 
Italy 
29 Onopordon 
h 
5 
Arabia 
Brit. 1 
30 Serratula 
h 
15 
Alps, &c. 
Brit. 3 
* Leontodon taraxacum (dandelion, or lion’s tooth) is said to be good in com¬ 
plaints of the liver, and promotes urine. It is sometimes called wild cichory , or 
endive. The young leaves are eaten by the French as a salad ; and the root dried 
and pounded is said to be used by the French as a substitute for coffee, to which 
it assimilates both in scent and flavour. 
f The common sow-thistle (sonchus oleraceus) is described as having downy 
peduncles, and smooth calyxesAnd there is another sort very similar in external 
appearance, that have downy peduncles, and hairy calyxes ; but Dr. Murray says 
this latter is a distinct species, which he calls sonchus tenerrimus. 
X The Stems of the arctium lappa (burdock) stripped of the skin (before the flow¬ 
ers appear) and boiled, are eaten as asparagus; and are even eaten raw with oil and 
vinegar. And most of the thistle kind ( carduus ) may be used in the same way. 
§ Cnicus acarna seems, by Linnaeus, to be intended for the carduus benedictus , 
or blessed thistle, and Mr. Miller is of the same opinion; it also appears so on ex¬ 
amination ; but in the Pharmacopoeia Edinburgensis , printed in 1783, it is said to 
be centaurea benedicta ; and Mr, Aiton, in hi? Hortus Kewensis, printed in 1789, 
makes it the same. 
|1 The esculent part of the cynara scolyrpus (common artichoke) is the receptacle , 
and the fleshy part of the leaves of the calyx ; as in onopordon acanthium the 
receptacle and young stems are eat as artichokes. 
