174 
C R Y PTOG A M 1_4 . 
N° Genera. 
N° of 
Growth, spefiiesi. Native of 
Secies iw 
Britain. 
48 Lepra 
49 Lichen* 
Brit. 11$ 
50 Marchantia 
51 Riccia 
52 Targionia 
53 Verrucaria 
h 7 Europe, W. Indies 
li 5 Europe 
h I Italy 
h 1 
Brit. 4 
Brit. 4 
Brit, i 
; 
2d. Aquatic .f 
54 Conferva! 
Ii 21 Europe 
Brit. 21 
* In the Systerna Fegetabiliunz of Linnaeus (edit. 14), one hundred and -thirty 
Species of lichen (liver-wort) are enumerated; and for the^mbre easily ascertaining 
them, they are ranked under different distinctions (as are several other species to 
genera, where they are numerous) j 1 st. leprosl tuberculati (leprous tubercled) Jf 
2d. leprosi scutellati y such as have the appearance of little shields ; 3d. imbricatif 
having small leaves lying over each other like tiles j 4th .foliacei, consisting of one 
continued leafy substance; 5th. coriacei , consisting of several leafy substances like 
leather; 6th. umbittc&ti , hollowed like the navel, and dirty as with soot; 7th. scy - 
phifera , cup-bearing ; Sih.fruticuMsi, shtubbyish; 9th . jilamentosi, thready, these 
mostly hang from the boughs of trees, hence the name of tree moss . The lichee 
rangiferinus , of the 8th. division, is the chief food of the rein-deer in Lapland, 
during winter.—This plant is very plentiful all over Lapland, vegetates beneath the 
snow, and is of a pure white, Nature’s favourite colour in the northern regions* 
Several of the lichens , when dried, powdered, arid &fe£ped in urine, are used fof 
dying reds and purple ; as the lichen roccella of the 8th. division, called orchilla * 
very common in Spain and the Canary Islands ; the lichen pertusns? with warti 
perforated, of the 3 st. division ; arid the lichen tartarius , of the 2d. division, very' 
common in Derbyshire. The lichen ieetcmcbbcm (Iceland liver-wort) of'.the 4th. 
division, is a highly nutritious substance; it requires a previous maceration in hot 
water, to take out the bitterness and laxative quality, it is then boiled With a fresh 
quantity of water, to give out its mucilage, and is afterwards mixed with broth or 
milk; boiled with milk alone, it affords a wholesome 2nd palatable nourishment tb 
the Icelanders. It is here chiefly used, from its demulcent quality, by invalids 
and convalescents.- 
f Mr. Correa de Serra hath shewn that the submersed algae, instead of poller^- 
or farina 9 are furnished with a mucus ; and with vesicles instead of antheroe . 
Phil. Trans . for 4796 , part 2. 
JThe conferva bulbosa was preserved dry for eighteen months, and which then 
resembled nothing but a small heap of greyish dust; this, however, after the vast, 
which enclosed it was filled with water, gradually resumed its green colour, its little 
tubes filling up again, and new filaments growing. This was not a resurrection 
merely in appearance, like that of dry mosses, after they are wetted again, but real 
arid complete, like that of certain animals.—(Read to the Philomathrc Society of 
Paris in 1797, by Girod Chantrans)* The cor\ferva wgagropila is found loose 
in many lakes, in a globular form, from the size of a walnut to that of a melo% 
