PROCEEDINGS OF THE PERTHSHIRE SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCE. 
7 
The Painted Lady. ITpper and under side shown. Found 
at Glen Farg. I have also seen this on Callerfountain 
Hill and near Seggieden. Last year (1879) it was very 
plentiful around here, as, indeed, it was over a great part of 
Europe. This year it has been conspicuous by its absence. 
In the family Satyridce, and genus Satyrus, we have four 
species. S. Algeria, Wood Argus. Found in July and Aug. 
It seems very scarce, and the only place where I have 
taken it is Kinnoull. S. Semele, Grayling. Male and 
female shown. Very common on Kinnoull in May and 
September. It flies up the cliff, and seems rather to like 
windy days. S. Janira, Meadow Brown. Male and female 
shown. One of the least attractive - looking of all our 
butterflies, and is, I think, even commoner than the whites. 
Found from June to August. Larva feeds on grasses. 
S. Hyperanthus, the Kinglet. Upper and under side 
shewn. Like the last, this is common everywhere. We 
can boast the two members of the Genus Ccenonymplia. 
Both sexes of each shown. 0. Davus, Marsh Ringlet. 
Found on Methven Moss, and at one of this year’s excur¬ 
sions we found it at Sma’ Glen. Larva feeds on the 
cotton grass, &c. C.' Pamphilus. Small Heath. Com- 
mon.everywhere. Larva feed on grasses. In the family 
Lyccenidce, genus Thecla, I have only found one species. 
T. Rubi, Green Hairstreak. Upper and under side shown. 
Not plentiful. I have taken it on Kinnoull in May. As 
it is double-brooded, it will likely be found in September 
also, but I have not seen it. Larva feeds on bramble, broom, 
&c. Genus Polyommatus. —P. Phlseas, Small Copper. This 
pretty little fly is common from May to September. Larva 
feeds on sorrel. In the genus Lyccsna we have two species. 
L. Artaxerxes is found on Kinnoull, Callerfountain, Glen 
Farg, &c. L. Alexis, Common Blue. Male and female 
shewn. Found plentifully on Kinnoull, and almost 
everywhere. Larva feeds on clover, grasses, &c. This 
closes my list, but it will perhaps be as well to add that I 
believe Melitcea Artemis,. The Greasy Fritillary; Theda 
Quercus, Purple Hairstreak; Lyccena Alsus, Little Blue, 
are still to be obtained around Perth. 
Thursday, January 6, 2 p.m. 
Dr Geikie, F.R.S., President, in the Chair. 
The Secretary reported that the following books had 
been received:—Journal of Royal Microscopical Society, 
vol. viii.; Revue Bryologique, 1875-1879; Entomologisk 
Tidskrift, Bd.I., 1880. There had been bought for the 
library Dr Braithwaite’s British Moss Flora. 
Mr John Campbell, optician, Perth, was proposed as 
a member. 
The following papers were read :— 
1. “A Naturalist's Experiences in Amazonia." By Prof. 
J. W. H. Trail, M.A., M.D., F.L.S. 
The author gave, from his personal experiences, an 
account of the obstacles and annoyances that must be 
encountered by naturalists in that country, in so far as 
these are due to animals, more especially to insects. The 
insects and ticks that attack man directly were noticed, 
and their habits and modes of life were described shortly. 
The most troublesome species are found among the diptera, 
or two-winged flies. Few localities are free from some 
species or other of flies, though some are far more infested 
than others. Those rivers with muddy water seem most 
to favour the increase of these insects. The residents on 
the Amazon, and on several of its southern tributaries 
along the middle of its course (e.g., the Madeira, the 
Purus, and the Juruk), are much afflicted in this way, 
more especially at certain seasons of the year. Among 
the worst pests are various species of mosquitos, piums, 
maruim, or sandflies, and of cowflies, of which last the 
worst are the mothcas, and a nearly-allied fly about the 
size of a blue bottle, which possesses a proboscis about 
half-an-inch long, and can pierce the skin even through 
clothes. Mosquitoes fly only after nightfall, except in 
the shady forests or in dark houses. Piums fly only by 
day, and can bite only bare skin. Maruims are most 
troublesome about daWn and at sunset, and from their very 
small size can creep through the meshes of mosquito- 
curtains, hence they are difficult to keep off. Mothcas 
fly only by day, and bite only bare skin; hence their 
attacks, like those of piums, can best be warded off by 
keeping face, neck, hands, and feet well covered. In the 
poorer class of houses, especially if they have been occupied 
for some time, and have then been allowed to stand empty 
for a month or two, fleas are apt to swarm, and to attack 
a visitor fiercely. The worst pest among them is the chigoe 
(Pulex penetrans), long ago noted for the habit of the 
female in penetrating under the skin of the toes and there 
giving rise to sores, if not speedily removed. Of ticks 
(Ixodes) called carapdtos, there are large ones, much like 
dog-ticks, and small, about the size of a pin’s head. They 
infest the paths through jungle near villages, and also the 
weeds that over-run the streets. Climbing up the shrubs> 
